Perspectives of Examination in Clinical Practice

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Perspectives of Examination in Clinical Practice

Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2019, Vol 19, Issue 2

Abstract

Objective: In this paper, materials are collected on the search for new diagnostic techniques and new generation drugs based on cell technologies that will be used in oncology and in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Materials and Methods: Ex zosomes that are contained in plasma of blood, urine, and other biological fluids may be studied, micro-RNA can be obtained for phenotyping, cell identification and pathological diagnosis. Results: Exosomes are isolated from hematopoietic stem cells, which can protect damaged cells from death by stimulating cell division renewal, because on the surface of the exotomy, growth antiapoptotic factors that can be used in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, ischemia of the lower extremities, and others severe illnesses. Exosomes can also be used in clinical practice as conveyers for certain types of drugs, delivering them to targeted cells, reducing the possibility of mutations, especially in cancer cases. Conclusions: Successful introduction of these tools into practical medicine will significantly reduce mortality from these diseases. One of the most important problems of molecular medicine is the diagnosis and treatment of pathological and oncological diseases. Studies have shown that cells of malignant tumors sometimes “throw” microtubules, releasing tiny particles of RNA, which, when they enter into healthy cells, convert them into cancer. These are extracellular vesicles, whose diameter is 35-90 nanometers, they are divided into intercellular space by cells of various tissues and organs. They are also found in the tissues of the body-in the serum of blood, urine, spinal cord blood and saliva. Their cavity has a cytoplasm and includes various types of proteins, micro-RNAs and lipids. These bubbles have been called “exo-somas” [1]. Of great interest is their potential role in the development of various diseases - from cardiovascular to oncological. First, there are reasons to believe that the appearance of malignant neoplasms significantly increases the amount of exosomes in various biological fluids of man. Second, the analysis of the protein profile and RNA contained in the exosomes may allow judging by their tissue walking and pathological changes in a particular tissue. One can expect that the expansion of the methodical arsenal used today for the study of exosomes will allow for additional information on this new fundamentally biological phenomenon. Exosomes were first described in 1983 when studying the differentiation of reticulocytes. In 1985, it was demonstrated that exosomes alter the structure of reticulocyte membranes by removing transferrin receptors.

Authors and Affiliations

Muzychenko PF, Chernyak VA, Tutchenko MI, Dubenko DE

Keywords

Exosomes; Intercellular Communication; Target Cells; Oncology; Regeneration; Cardiovascular Diseases Journals on Biomedical Engineering Journals on Biomedical Science Journal on medical genetics Journals on Cancer medicine Journals on Medical Informatics Journals on Biomedical Imaging Journals on Biomedical Intervention Journals on Medical Microbiology Journals on Medical Casereports Journals on Medical drug and theraputics

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EP ID EP621691
DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.19.003282
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