Photosynthetic and seed yields of soybeans depending on the application of organic fertilizers manufactured using the latest technology
Journal Title: «Таврійський науковий вісник» - Year 2018, Vol 101, Issue
Abstract
The purpose of the research is to study the influence of organic fertilizers produced on the basis of the latest technologies (by the method of biological fermentation and the method of cavitation) on the productivity and seed yield of soybeans of the Ustyug variety under adaptive technology of its cultivation under the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. Field and laboratory investigations were carried out under the conditions of the western foreststeppe at the experimental field of the Podilsky State Agrarian-Technical University in 2013-2016. The soil of the experimental site is typical black earth of heavy-granular granulometric composition. Soybean cultivation tecnology is generally accepted for the conditions of the western forest-steppe Ukraine. Concomitant studies and observations are performed according to generally accepted techniques. The results of research showed that in all variants where mineral and organic fertilizers were introduced in comparison with control, in all phases of growth and development of soya, a much larger area of leaf surface was formed. The largest area of leaf surface of soybean plants in the phase of flowering – 31.2 thousand m2 /ha or 8.9 thousand m2/ha more than in control in the phase of the end of flowering – 41.6 thousand m2/ha was in the variant where we applied (under basic tillage) 10 t/ha of organic fertilizer BioProms with the balanced content of trivalent chromium and sprayed soya plants during vegetation with liquid organic fertilizer Biohrom – 5 l/ha. In this variant, the photosynthetic potential was 2.384 million m2 /ha or 0.348 million m2 /ha more than in control, the net productivity of photosynthesis in the flowering phase was 10.52 g/m2 per day or 0.84 g/m2 per day more than in control. Organic fertilizers, made according to the latest technologies, have contributed to increasing the yield of soybeans. So, in variant №7, where we applied organic fertilizers Bioproferm at a rate of 10 t/ha under fall plowing and carried out foliar application of growth regulator Biohrom (5 l/ha), the yield was 3.06 t/ha, which was 1.25 t/ha more than in the control and 0.18 t/ha more than in the variant where Bioactive was applied at a rate of 10 t/ha and growth regulator Biohrom was sprayed at a rate of 5 l ha. The results of the economic evaluation of the effectiveness of applying organic fertilizers Bioactive, Bioprofеrm and liquid organic fertilizer Biohrom in the cultivation technology were confirmed by high economic indicators (net operating profit amounting to 11942 – 16202 UAH/ha, profitability rate being 83.8 – 107, 9 %), with a decrease in the cost of soybean grain compared to control.
Authors and Affiliations
О. М. Бунчак
Keywords
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