Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and changing epidemiology of childhood bacterial meningitis
Journal Title: Jornal de Pediatria - Year 2015, Vol 91, Issue 2
Abstract
Since the inclusion of Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine (HibCV) into childhood immunization programs, there has been virtual elimination of Hib meningitis in high- and low-income countries.1,2 This resulted from immunization of young children, which not only conferred direct protection against invasive Hib disease among immunized children, but also indirect protection of unvaccinated individuals, due to the interruption of transmission of the bacterium within communities through targeted vaccination of young children.3 Subsequent to HibCV immunization of children, Streptococcus pneumoniae emerged as the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in most countries, albeit second to Neisseria meningitidis (32%) in some countries, such as Brazil.4 The study by Hirose et al., published in this issue of the Journal, suggests that further changes in the epidemiology of childhood meningitis in Brazil are likely to occur, since the introduction of the 10-valent polysaccharide-Protein-D protein conjugate vaccine (PCV10) into the public immunization program in March of 2010.5 Using the Notifiable Diseases Information System on reported cases of pneumococcal meningitis for the Brazilian state of Paraná, Hirose et al. document a reduction by approximately 60% in the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis and a 76% reduction in the incidence of death due to pneumococcal meningitis in children younger than 2 years. This occurred within two-years of introducing PCV10 into the public immunization program of Brazil; the authors performed a comparison with the pre-PCV10 era.
Authors and Affiliations
Shabir A. Madhi
Keywords
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- EP ID EP560346
- DOI 10.1016/j.jped.2014.11.001
- Views 68
- Downloads 0
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