Positive Association of Intracellular Sodium Ion Concentration with Stemness of Deer Antler Stem Cells
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
Intracellular sodium ion functions as an initiating signal for organ regeneration in lower vertebrates, such as amphibians, Intracellular sodium ion concentration ([Na+]) was regulated by voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav). However, whether intracellular [Na+] is also involved in mammalian organ regeneration is unknown, because of lacking suitable mammalian models. Deer antlers are a novel model for studying mammalian organ morphogenesis. It is now well known that antlers generate from antlerogenic periosteum (AP) and regenerate from pedicle (antecedent of antler) periosteum (PP). Cells from the AP and PP have stem cell attributes, thus termed antler stem cells. In the present study, the intracellular sodium ion of the cells from the AP, PP and facial periosteum (FP) were strained in vitro with CoroNa Green indicator dye. Expression of voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav) genes was detected using RT-PCR. Results showed that intracellular [Na+] in three cell types was significantly different: AP cells>PP cells>FP cells. Expression of the currently known ten Nav genes were all detected in the AP cells; whereas, expression of Nav1.1 gene not detected neither in the PP nor the FP cells, and expression of Nav 1.1 and Nav 1.4 genes not detected in the FP cells. Difference in Nav gene expression in the different antler stem cells may contribute to the different intracellular [Na+] in these cells, which then may correlate with the degree of the stemness of antler stem cells. We think our new finding may open up a new avenue for the study of the relationship between intracellular ion concentration and stemness of stem cells in general, hence the stem cell-based organ regeneration in mammals.Recently, level of intracellular sodium ion concentration ([Na+]) has been found as a functional regulator of organ generation and regeneration [1]. Voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) play an important role in controlling and maintaining the balance of intracellular and extracellular sodium ions [2]. Thus far, 10 types of Nav genes have been identified (Nav1.1 ~ Nav1.9 and NavX genes) and knockdown of Nav1.6 had significant negative effects on zebrafish motoneuron development [3]. Early increase in intracellular [Na+] is required for initiating regeneration following Xenopus tail amputation, while molecular and small chemical inhibition of influx of sodium ion in blastema causes failure in regeneration [1]. Ectopic eyes were reportedly induced through microinjection of neonatal Nav1.5 channel mRNA into all four cells at the four-cell stage or through controlling of influx of sodium ions when incubated in sodium gluconate in Xenopus laevis [4].
Authors and Affiliations
Zhao Haiping, Chen Guangxin, Haitao Li, Chunyi Li
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP588455
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.06.001294
- Views 165
- Downloads 0
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