Possibilities for the use of Anatomage (the Anatomical Real Body-Size Table) for Teaching and Learning Anatomy with the Students
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 4
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to describe and explain our experience with Anatomage table in the process of teaching and learning anatomy to medicine students who are preparing as military physicians. Anatomage combines stereoscopic images of the whole body with software in order to build a 3-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of the different human body parts. These images were taken from two cadavers, male and female, who were frozen and cut into sections to allow for virtual dissection and reconstruction of the human body. Users can visualize anatomy exactly as they would on a fresh cadaver. The table allows for exploration and learning of human anatomy beyond the experience with a cadaver. It is possible to cut away from the body surface to the inner body using a scalpel, as well as to watch images of 3-D sections in the three spatial planes.We described the importance of dissection in practical anatomy teaching, and the large number of body donations needed. Thus, many authors have proposed different solutions, such as software with reconstructions of the human body. Anatomage allows for anatomy teaching and learning in an interactive way. Students can practice actively and take the images watched in a practical session with them in a storage device, in order to study and discuss them later in a lecture. Anatomage is also used for practical anatomy exams to students. Despite being rather costly, it stimulates the learning of anatomy by being directly used by students in various ways Traditionally, anatomy teaching and learning were focused on dissection, which can be directly performed by students or guided by professors [1]. This is an important subject in medical schools’ curriculum and it is considered essential by many authors, such as Turney [2]. However, new and more interactive ways of teaching anatomy have gained importance to help students and professors learn and teach the human body structure [3]. Several of these techniques include anatomical software, as the Zygote [4]. One of the most important parts of future physicians’ curriculum is preparation for surgery and this must include the knowledge of anatomy. One of the most usual techniques to acquire these skills is dissection. Dissection is the exposure and description of internal body organs and structures [5]. To achieve this goal, a large number of bodies need to be donated and perfectly fixed.To reduce these needs and make anatomy teaching and learning easier, other techniques have been developed. One of these techniques is cross-sectional human anatomy, widely developed during the nineteenth century by anatomists such as Pirogoff and Braune, who published an atlas with figures in the three spatial planes (sagittal, coronal and transverse) of frozen cadavers sectioned with a band saw [6]. It was the precursor of harmless techniques developed in the last decades that allow us to know about our inner organs and structures. These techniques are called Computed Tomography (CT) [7] and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) [8]. Recently, a computerized body-size table has been designed combining CT scan, X-Ray, ultrasound and MRI, stereoscopic images of the different human body parts with software in order to build a 3-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of the whole body. It is ANATOMAGE [9], a computerized table developed by a 3-D medical technology company located in San José (California) in conjunction with Stanford University’s Clinical Anatomy Division. This technology allows for virtual dissection and reconstruction of the human body. By means of a fully interactive multitouch screen, one can dissect the body, moving through layers of tissue or use a virtual knife to cut away and see the structures inside [10]. There is one Anatomage table at the Defense University Center (Centro Universitario de la Defensa) in Madrid (Spain). This new technology allows professors to teach anatomy to students in an interactive way (Figure 1).
Authors and Affiliations
Jesús García Martín, Concepción Dankloff Mora, Soledad Aguado Henche
Keywords
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- EP ID EP591570
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.MS.ID.001094
- Views 205
- Downloads 0
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