Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Two Omani Children with Underlying Renal Diseases
Journal Title: Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal - Year 2015, Vol 15, Issue 3
Abstract
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition with a combination of clinical and radiological features. Clinical symptoms include headaches, confusion, seizures, disturbed vision or an altered level of consciousness. Classic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fndings indicate subcortical and cortical oedema, affecting mainly the posterior cerebral region. We report two paediatric cases of PRES with underlying renal diseases presenting at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat, Oman, in April 2010 and August 2011. Te frst case was an 11-year-old girl diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus and the second was a six-and-a-half-year-old boy on peritoneal dialysis due to multi-drug-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Both patients were hypertensive and treated with blood pressure control medications. No residual neurological dysfunction was noted in the patients at a one-year follow-up and at discharge, respectively. Te role of hypertension in paediatric PRES cases, among other important risk factors, is emphasised. Additionally, MRI is an important diagnostic and prognostic tool. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive management is fundamental to preventing permanent neurological damage.
Authors and Affiliations
Mohamed A. El-Naggari| Departments of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, Dana Al-Nabhani| Departments of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, Ibtisam El-Nour| Departments of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, Alaa El-Manzalawy| Departments of Radiology & Molecular Imaging, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, Anas-Alwogud A. Abdelmogheth| Departments of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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