Potential Association of Hypothyroidism and Cardiovascular Disorders among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Visiting for Dental Treatment
Journal Title: Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a group of etiologically different metabolic defects characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Aim and Objectives: The study intended to estimate prevalence of hypothyroidism among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and to substantiate the association of these two disorders with cardiovascular diseases. Material and Methods: The study included 208 T2DM patients; all were evaluated for diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and cardiovascular disorders by history, clinical examination and investigations. They were divided as Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Diabetes Mellitus Hypothyroidic (DMH) categories. DM category was further divided as: Diabetic (D) and Diabetic Cardiovascular (DC) groups, DMH category as Diabetic Hypothyroidic (DH) and Diabetic Hypothyroid Cardiovascular (DHC) groups. Intra and inter category comparison of biochemical and clinical parameters were done. Results: Out of 208 T2DM patients, DM category had 102 patients and DMH category 106 patients, On intracategory comparison of various biochemical parameters between the two categories, in DM category, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) (p=0.00), Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) (p=0.34 and p=0.02), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (p=0.00 and p=0.20) were significantly higher and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) was lower in both D and DC groups, total cholesterol in DC (p=0.23) group was significantly higher and triglycerides were within normal. In DMH category, FBS (p=0.01 and p=0.00), serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (p=0.00), LDL, total cholesterol (p=0.00), LDL (p=0.02 and p=0.00) and triglycerides (p=0.00 and p=0.01) were significantly higher in both DH and DHC groups, the HDL was significantly lower in DHC group. There was no association between DM category with blood pressure and electrocardiogram parameters, but in DMH category there was significant association seen, as p=0.02 and p=0.06 respectively. On inter group comparison between DM and DMH categories for biochemical parameters, there was statistical significance was found with serum TSH (p=0.00), total cholesterol (p=0.01) and LDL (p=0.007), where as FBS, PPBS, triglycerides, HDL were not significant. Conclusion: Dental treatments are stress inducing, so cardiovascular events are more likely to occur hence complete evaluation by physician is mandatory.
Authors and Affiliations
Shantala Arunkumar, Shyam Amur, Krishna M Burde, Lijoy Abraham
Keywords
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