Preparation and visible light photocatalytic performance of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide from recovered polyaluminum titanium chloride coagulation sludge
Journal Title: China Powder Science and Technology - Year 2024, Vol 30, Issue 4
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the properties of coagulation sludge generated from polyaluminum titanium chloride （PATC） coagulation and its potential for resource recovery. It also analyzes the photocatalytic performance and cyclic stability of the recovered visible light photocatalyst materials. Methods Using urea as an external nitrogen source， nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide nanospheres （TCN） were recovered and prepared from PATC coagulation sludge through heating， condensation， and calcination. Samples with different ratios of Al-TiO2 were prepared and named TCN-1， TCN-2， TCN-3， and TCN-4 （with mass ratios of Al-TiO2 to urea being 0.6%， 1.2%， 2.4%， and 3.6%， respectively）. For comparative studies， graphitic carbon nitride （g-C3N4） was also prepared. A series of characterization methods including field emission scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， transmission electron microscopy （TEM）， X-ray diffraction （XRD）， energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）， nitrogen adsorption and desorption （BET）， and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） were used to analyze the morphology， elemental composition， specific surface area， crystal structure， and valence bond binding characteristics of TCN and g-C3N4. The photocatalytic performance of the recovered visible light photocatalyst TCN was evaluated by degrading ciprofloxacin under visible light irradiation. The photoelectrochemical properties， radicals， and cyclic stability of TCN were also tested. Results and Discussion A series of characterization results from SEM， XRD， XPS， EDS， and BET indicated that the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide nanospheres recovered from PATC coagulation sludge successfully incorporated nitrogen into the product. The nitrogen doping in TCN narrowed the band gap of titanium dioxide nanospheres-3 （TCN-3） to 3.06 eV. The presence of elements such as Al， C， and Fe in the product also enhanced its photocatalytic performance. Under visible light irradiation， the nitrogen-doped TCN series exhibited a stronger photocatalytic degradation capability for ciprofloxacin compared to g-C3N4 and Al-TiO2. Among them， TCN-3 showed the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency， removing over 90% of ciprofloxacin in an aqueous solution and maintaining stable cyclic performance （after five photocatalytic cycles， the removal rate of CIP by TCN-3 decreased slightly from 96.7% to 92.5%）. TCN photocatalytic materials were able to decompose CIP from macromolecules into micromolecules. Conclusion The recovery and preparation of bifunctional nanomaterials and visible light photocatalyst materials from PATC coagulation sludge provide a strategy for sludge reduction and resource utilization. The recovered products can be applied to treat water pollutants， achieving resource conservation and improving resource utilization efficiency to some extent， while also promoting ecological environment construction.
Authors and Affiliations
Chang TIAN, Manman LI, Liangguo YAN, Yanxia ZHAO
Keywords
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- EP ID EP749267
- DOI 10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2024.04.013
- Views 32
- Downloads 0
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