Preparation of Morphine Derivatives Using Ionic Liquids
Journal Title: Archives of Organic and Inorganic Chemical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
Dextromethorphan, an anti tussive drug belongs to the morphinan family, and is mostly available in the market as a combination therapy. Most of the reported preparation procedures involve the use of racemic starting materials that give lower yields. (S)- Octa base is one of the key starting raw materials used in our process and this easy, convenient and eco-friendly preparation (single step) is reported in this manuscript. This drug, Dextromethorphan is produced in large volumes annually (> 150 tons/year). Most reported synthetic procedures make use of huge amounts of volatile organic solvents which are hazardous for environment. This will be a major issue in the near future. To overcome this problem, we have tried using Ionic liquid as a solvent in the preparation and successfully arrived at best results, thereby decreasing the use of organic volatile solvents.Dextromethorphan, a drug of the morphinan family, is having tranquilizing, dissociative, and restorative properties (especially at higher doses). It is a cough suppressant (ANTI-TUSSIVE) in several over-the-counter cold and cough medicines including generic labels and store brands, Benylin, Mucinex, Camydex 20 tablets, Robitussin, NyQuil, Vicks, Delsym, TheraFlu, Cheracol D, and others. It has also found plentiful other uses in medication, extending from analgesic effect to psychological submissions useful in the treatment of addiction. It is sold in syrup, capsule, and lozenge forms. In its unadulterated form, Dextromethorphan ensues as a white powder. Currently, Dextromethorphan is not registered in the Schedules of the United Nations 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drug [1]. Dextromethorphan is the dextrorotatory enantiomer of levomethorphan, which is the methyl ether of levorphanol, both opioid analgesics. It’s IUPAC name is (+)-3-methoxy-17-methyl-9α, 13α, 14α-morphinan. It occurs as an odorless, opalescent white powder. It is freely soluble in chloroform and insoluble in water; the hydro bromide salt is water-soluble up to 1.5g/100mL at 25 °C. It is usually accessible as the monohydrated hydro bromide salt. However, some newer extended-release formulations contain Dextromethorphan bound to an ion-exchange resin based on polystyrene sulfonic acid (Picture 1).
Authors and Affiliations
Sureshbabu Jayachandra, Madhuresh Kumar Sethi, Sanjay Mahajan, Kunwar Sanjeev Singh, Bhairaiah Mara, Purbita Chakraborty
Keywords
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- EP ID EP603538
- DOI 10.32474/AOICS.2018.03.000156
- Views 61
- Downloads 0
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Preparation of Morphine Derivatives Using Ionic Liquids
Dextromethorphan, an anti tussive drug belongs to the morphinan family, and is mostly available in the market as a combination therapy. Most of the reported preparation procedures involve the use of racemic starting mate...