PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS IN PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA IN A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY DONE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 47
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma is a multi-factorial disease and many conditions are considered as risk factors. There is variability in the prevalence rates from one study to the other depending on the population sampled. The objective of the study was to detect the prevalence of POAG in patients attending the ophthalmic out-patient department who are over 40 years. The proportion of risk factors among patients with primary open angle glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma and ocular hypertension was determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was carried out during the period 2006-2008 at the Yenepoya Medical College, Deralakatte, Mangalore in the Department of Ophthalmology. The study group consisted of 1000 patients aged 40 years and above, belonging to both sexes. They were screened for glaucoma, and in those with established primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and ocular hypertension (OHT), further study was undertaken for the probable risk factors causing them. RESULTS Out of 1000 patients screened, glaucoma was noted in 50 cases. This shows the prevalence of glaucoma as 5%. Out of which, 33 were diagnosed to have primary open angle glaucoma, 13 were normal tension glaucoma and 4 had ocular hypertension. There was a steady increase in the number of cases of glaucoma as age advances in those who show an ocular tension of 21 mmHg and above. Average IOP for both sexes in 50 cases of Glaucoma is 23.22 mmHg. Thirty-one patients with POAG and NTG had early field defects. 25 patients showed established field defects and 30 patients showed advanced field defects at least in one eye. Advanced field defects are seen with an increase in CDR of 0.7 and above in 30 patients. A positive family history of glaucoma was elicited in 15 cases of POAG in the first-degree relatives. CONCLUSION The prevalence of glaucoma in this hospital-based study was 5%. Age, elevated intra-ocular tension, large cup/disc ratio, asymmetric cupping, myopia, disc haemorrhage, diabetes and positive family history are proven as risk factors in the current study.
Authors and Affiliations
Prashanthkumar Narayan Achar, Nameeth D. A. D’Souza
Keywords
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- EP ID EP217721
- DOI 10.14260/Jemds/2017/786
- Views 57
- Downloads 0
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