Prevalence of pulmonary diabetes mellitus in tuberculosis patients attending tertiary care institute

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Prevalence of pulmonary diabetes mellitus in tuberculosis patients attending tertiary care institute

Journal Title: MedPulse -International Medical Journal - Year 2015, Vol 2, Issue 4

Abstract

Introduction: The link between diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis has been talked of at various fora but has never occupied the centre-stage of discussions. Presently, an epidemic of diabetes is on both in developed and developing nations. With the recognition of this explosive, increase in the number of people diagnosed with diabetes mellitus all over the world, a whole new field of issues related to interaction between diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis has been thrown open. Aims and Objective: To study the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients suffering from tuberculosis and receiving treatment at tertiary care institute. Material and Method: The present cross sectional study was conducted in the NIMS Medical Hospital. For the purpose of study the all TB cases more than 18 years of age, including new and retreatment cases, sputum positive, sputum negative and extrapulmonary cases were enrolled. All of these were screened for diabetes using the diagnostic criteria of a fasting plasma glucose level of ≥ 126 mg/dl or a self reported history of taking antidiabetic drugs after diagnosis by a medical professional. Information regarding age, sex, family history of diabetes, alcohol and smoking was recorded. Family history of diabetes was enquired in all subjects. Physical parameters like height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference and waist hip ratio were recorded. Results: It was observed that out of 189 patients 41 patients were diabetic. Thus the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in TB patients was 21.69%. The mean age of patients suffering from DM with Tb was 48.6±11.7years whereas in non diabetic TB patent was 42.4±13.4. Majority of the patients in DM with Tb and non diabetic TB group were on category I treatment (75.61% and 77.03%). Family history of diabetes was reported by 34.15% diabetic patients. Alcoholism was observed commonly in diabetic patients as compared to non diabetic patients with statistically significant difference. 31.71% diabetics were either overweight or obese whereas only 14.19% nondiabetic Tb patients were either overweight or obese. Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in TB patients was 21.69%. Thus diabetes is a common comorbidity in people with TB and early detection of diabetes should be aimed by screening patients with TB with fasting blood sugar estimation. Family history of diabetes and overweight and obesity were the common risk factors observed in diabetic TB patients.

Authors and Affiliations

Kamal Kumar Jain, Rakesh Thakuria, Swapnil Lokesh

Keywords

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