Принцип методологічного плюралізму як інструмент дослідження концепту «гендерна ідентичність»
Journal Title: Науково-теоретичний Альманах «Грані» - Year 2018, Vol 21, Issue 1
Abstract
The article considers the necessity of applying the complex unity of hermeneutic, phenomenological, concrete historical methods, the method of comparative analysis with the use of various techniques based on the principles of methodological pluralism, taking into account the features of the dialectical method. The study points out that the specificity of the problem of gender identity under consideration involves the application not only of philosophical, but also of general scientific, interdisciplinary methods. The study of the phenomenon of gender identity demonstrates a particular urgency, as the results of the research will help to solve the problem of the significance, the value of experience, both women and men, which do not fit into the definition of hegemonic masculinity. Consequently, the analysis of gender identity allows one to see the reproduction of gender inequality through the legitimating of gender differences. As a result of the research, we noted that the study of the approaches of the main postmodern science schools made it possible to see how differences are used by power structures to legitimize gender inequality. The study found that an identity that does not fit into the definition of hegemonic masculinity is subordinate or oppressed in various gender social regimes. Dialectical method, as well as a systematic approach to the analysis of phenomena and processes of the objective world allowed us to analyze the array of philosophical texts, to trace the dialectic of the development of the concepts gender, identity, gender identity. The research traced the impact of which factors contributed to a new approach to the problem of «gender identity» and that gave rise to a new understanding of the concept of identity. The application of the principle of methodological pluralism in our study contributed to a more complete understanding of the essence of the problem of gender identity and the related problem of gender inequality. The research established that to conduct an unbiased and thorough analysis of gender identity need the hermeneutic method, the method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete, the unity of historical and logical and specifically historical methods, which are especially important tools of scientific cognition of the social and cultural discourse. The benefits of the study that methodology pluralism allowed us to analyze the mechanism of reproduction of gender inequality. The principle of methodological diversity, using the achievements of leading scientific schools on the relationship and mutual influence of differences, dichotomies and inequalities, revealed the true order of relations between categories of difference and inequality. The principle of development as one of the most important and determining principles of the dialectical method made it possible to see that in the doctrines of opposing scientific schools there are many contradictions on this question. The analysis of gender identity from the standpoint of the historical and analytical approach helped to study the origin, formation and development of gender identity. As a result of research, gender identity is viewed today as a socio-cultural construct articulating itself as a process, and therefore constantly staying not in a rigidly fixed, but in a fluid, flexible state. Keywords: gender inequality; identity; gender difference; reproduction of gender inequality; identity; subject; femininity; masculinity; gender regimes 12 PHILOSOPHY GRANI 21(1) 2018 Принцип методологического плюрализма как инструмент исследования концепта «гендерная идентичность» Е. К. Cкиба, Днепропетровский государственный университет внутренних дел Украины В статье рассмотрена необходимость использования принципа методологического плюрализма как действен- ного способа полного и непредвзятого анализа воспроизводства гендерного неравенства в разных социокультур- ных дискурсах. Установлено, что противоположность подходов к проблеме гендерной идентичности, неодно- родность понимания ее истоков в разных научных школах способствовали более подробному и всестороннему изучению как проблемы гендерной дихотомии, так и проблемы воспроизводства гендерного доминирования. Определено, что не существует какой-то жестко установленной экзистенционально-подлинной, «первичной» мужской или женской социальной структуры. Выявлено, что необходимость, обязательность выбора гендерной идентичности, разное ее содержание в различных социально-культурных контекстах показывает неустойчивость и гибкость ее как категории существования. Проанализировано, что попытка обусловить наличие фиксированно- сти, стабильности и, как следствие, исключительной легитимности какой-либо гендерной идентичности, равно как и попытка доказать превосходство одной гендерной идентичности над другой при перформативной гибкости сигнификации гендерной идентичности, служит обоснованием наличия проблемы гендерного различия. Дока- зано, что гендерная идентичность непосредственно связана с проблемами различия, доминирования, власти и есть тем базисом, решение проблем которого могло бы помочь выйти из социально-экономического кризиса ради сохранения мира и стабильности всего мирового сообщества.
Authors and Affiliations
Eleonora Skiba
Keywords
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- EP ID EP414743
- DOI 10.15421/17181
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