Profile of Cerebral Visual Impairment in Children with Cerebral Palsy at a Tertiary Care Referral Center in Southern India
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2018, Vol 12, Issue 3
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) is a complex cognitive-perceptual dysfunction with wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Perinatal insults like hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy and neonatal hypoglycaemia are common aetiologies for neurological disorders like Cerebral Palsy (CP) and CVI. Currently there are no published data describing the features of CVI in CP from the Indian subcontinent. Aim: To describe the characteristics of CVI in children with CP at a tertiary care referral center in southern India. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of children below the age of 18 years, referred to the CVI clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital in southern India from March 2011-Feb 2012. All children attending the clinic underwent a complete neuro-ophthalmology examination including functional vision assessment. They were classified into: 1) absent CVI; 2) probable CVI; and 3) definite CVI depending on the clinical examination. Results: A total of 341 children, M:F=1.8:1, age range 3 months-17 years were included in the study. Around 69% (n=236) of the referral had CP with 96% (n=227) having spastic form of CP. Definite CVI was seen in 50% (n=119) of children with CP. In children with CP and definite CVI history of neonatal and perinatal insults was more common and the most common clinical diagnosis was seizure disorder in 52% (n=143) of children. Exotropia, temporal pallor of optic disc, inability to recognise face, impaired visual attention and lower field defect were the common clinical findings. Neuroimaging of children with CP and definite CVI showed occipital gliosis in 51% (n=31) of cases. Conclusion: In our study, CVI was prevalent in children with CP. A detailed neuro-ophthalmological evaluation is a must in all children with special needs and it is important to be aware of the factors that contribute to CVI and initiate habilitative strategies early to improve their quality of life.
Authors and Affiliations
Smitha Jasper, Swetha Sara Philip
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP509219
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2018/33984.11316
- Views 57
- Downloads 0
Vitamin D Deficiency in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
ABSTRACT Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency leads to defective mineralisation and in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can contribute to renal osteodystrophy. Aim: To compare the serum level of vitamin D in children with CKD...
Comparative Analysis of Salivary Alkaline Phosphatase in Post menopausal Women with and without Periodontitis
Introduction: Alkaline phosphatase is an intracellular destruction enzyme in the periodontium, and it takes part in the normal turnover of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and root cementum formation and maintena...
Buccal Mucosa Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of ECOG Performance Status and its Association with Sociodemographic, Socioeconomic, Clinico-Pathologic Factors and Overall Survival
ABSTRACT Introduction: Despite, progress in cancer therapeutics, survival remains very poor due to various factors. However, treatment decision making is an important factor for a better survival outcome. Aim: To evaluat...
A Rare Case of Primary Calcific Pleural Tuberculosis – A Case Report
Tuberculosis is a highly prevalent disease in India. It has a myriad of presentations. Usually pleural tuberculosis occur secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis which can manifest as pleural effusion leading to pleural calc...
DRESS Syndrome: An Unusual Side Effect
ABSTRACT Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is often an overlooked entity manifesting as fatal hypersensitivity response associated with use of aromatic anti-epileptic drugs. This case...