Properties comparison of vegetable oils as lubricants
Journal Title: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering (ISSN 1642-686X) - Year 2018, Vol 63, Issue 1
Abstract
The analysis of the properties of vegetable oils used in tribology as lubricants is presented. Oil-based lubricants, which get into the natural environment during exploitation, have a destructive effect on living organisms. Petroleum products, de-pending on the biodegradation environment, have a low biochemical degradability of 15 to 35%. Vegetable oils show significantly better biodegradability, namely from 80 to even 100%, therefore according to the sustainable development policy they are the most frequently mentioned equivalents for oil bases. Depending on the geographical region, availability and production costs of oilseeds, vegetable oils such as rapeseed, charlock, soy or algae oil are used to produce lubricants. Rapeseed and sunflower oil is mainly used in Europe, while in Asian and American countries, soybean oil is dominant. Vegetable oils are a mixture of triglycerides that determine the properties of fats. As lubricants, vegetable oils are used, as well as oils with modified structure, e.g. by chemical modification or from genetically modified crops. Physico-chemical proper-ties such as viscosity, density or acid number have influence on lubricating properties. The literature analysis shows that both vegetable oils and lubricating compositions can be used as lubricants. Vegetable oils are much more environmentally friendly, nevertheless, due to their chemical structure, this kind of oils oxidizes faster, which badly affects their durability.
Authors and Affiliations
Monika Szczypska, Wojciech Golimowski
Keywords
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