Re-thinking influences of tourism with consideration of local historical neighbourhoods: The case of Amasya<p>Turizmin etkilerini yerel ölçekteki tarihi mahalleler üzerinden yeniden düşünmek: Amasya Örneği
Journal Title: Journal of Human Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 15, Issue 4
Abstract
Many of the tourism oriented strategies developed for economic development of the city or disadvantaged neighborhoods, and for reviving the region, turn intrinsic characteristics of the local communities into commodities. That brings along many problems concerning rights and identities. This study, therefore, attempts to reveal what kind of influences and dichotomies that a transformation brought about by tourism oriented urban development strategies might lead to on the part of neighborhood inhabitants. Accordingly, in order to find out how they perceive tourism development, and how they support tourism, a survey was carried out during November-December 2017, with the participation of inhabitants of ten neighborhoods preserving traditional identity of Amasya Province with significant roles with its historical, architectural, cultural and geographical contexts. Principal components analysis is applied to statistically measure structural validity of the scale. Non-parametric test methods Spearman’s Correlation, Mann Whitney, and Kruskal Wallis were used in the study. It was found that factors, which determine neighbourhood inhabitants’ support for tourism are respectively “influences of tourism oriented decisions,” “influences of tourism on economic and cultural environment,” “influences of tourism on physical and social environment,” and “influences of tourism on social interaction.” It was revealed that, influences of tourism on economic and cultural environment are positively perceived in general, and that the content of tourism oriented policies is substantially decisive in how tourism is supported.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetKentin yada dezavantajlı mahallelerinin ekonomik gelişmesi ve bölgenin yeniden canlandırılması amacıyla ortaya konulan turizm odaklı stratejilerin pek çoğu, yerel toplumların özündeki pek çok özelliği, alınıp satılabilen ticari mallara dönüştürebilmektedir. Bu durum da haklar ve kimlikle ilgili pek çok problemi de beraberinde getirebilmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada turizm odaklı kentsel gelişme stratejileri ile meydana gelen bir dönüşümün mahalle sakinleri üzerinde ne tür etkiler ve ikilemlere neden olabileceği kavranmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu amaçla tarihi, mimarisi, kültürel ve coğrafi bağlamları ile önemli roller üstlenen Amasya ilinin geleneksel mahalle kimliğini koruyan on mahallesinde yaşayanlara, turizm gelişmesini nasıl algıladıklarını ve turizme verdikleri desteği ortaya koyabilmek için 2017 yılı Kasım-Aralık tarihleri arasında anket uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini istatistiksel olarak tespit etmek için temel bileşenler analizi kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmada parametrik olmayan test tekniklerinden Spearman korelasyon, Mann Whitney, Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda, mahalle sakinlerinin turizme verdikleri desteğin belirlenmesinde etkili olan faktörlerin sırasıyla “turizm odaklı kararların etkileri”, “turizmin ekonomik ve kültürel çevreye etkileri”, “turizmin fiziksel ve sosyal çevreye etkileri” ve “turizmin sosyal kaynaşmaya etkileri” olduğu belirlenmektedir. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda genel olarak turizmin ekonomik ve kültürel çevre üzerindeki etkilerinin pozitif olarak algılandığı ve turizm odaklı politikaların içeriğinin de turizm desteğini önemli derecede belirlediği ortaya konulmaktadır.
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