Relationship between Drinking Water Fluoride and Intelligence Quotient in Egyptian School Children
Journal Title: Occupational Medicine & Health Affairs - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Fluoridation of drinking water, despite being regarded as one of the top ten public healthachievements of the twentieth century, has remained a much more debated concept. Excessive fluoride intakeduring infancy and early childhood causes a number of irreversible structural and functional changes in the CNSleading to memory, learning and intellectual deficits.Aim: The present study was conducted to detect the fluoride, arsenic and cadmium levels in drinking water of sixdifferent locations in Egypt (Beheira Governorate) and compare the IQ levels of children aged 4.6-11-years of thesame locations, with fluoride levels.Materials and Methods: A cross–sectional study was conducted among 1000 children aged 4.6-11-years,selected by stratified random sampling on six different areas in Egypt (Beheira Governorate), two different towns(urban) and four villages (rural). The town and the belonging villages are supplied by the same water station.Informed consent was obtained from the parents and respective school authorities. Results states that Highsignificant increase fluoride level in the drinking tap water than the WHO and the Egyptian allowed level and highlysignificant decrease in average IQ level in group of children with high fluoride level more than 1.5 mg/dL than thegroup of children with low fluoride level while the mean arsenic, cadmium and copper levels in tap drinking waterwas below the recommended WHO the Egyptian level.Conclusion: A real relationship between fluoride exposure and intelligence with the average IQ of high fluoridegroup was lower than those with lower fluoride level.
Authors and Affiliations
Asmaa Abd EL Wakeel El Sehmawy, Safaa Mahmoud Hammouda, Gamil E. Ibrahim, Samia S. Barghash, Reham Y Elamir
Keywords
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- EP ID EP581934
- DOI 10.4172/2329-6879.1000278
- Views 147
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