Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Vascular Dementia. Report of 2 Cases
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2019, Vol 19, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Vascular dementia is a clinical syndrome that includes a wide range of cognitive spectrum caused by cerebrovascular disease. Different manifestations and risk factors have been reported in several publications. With the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation has been addressed and deepened in the study of this entity. With the development of the new repetitive magnetic stimulation equipment, the possibility of neuromodularity has been opened and the cortico-subcortical damage present has been rehabilitated, which constitutes a new window into neurological therapeutics. Clinical Cases: We present two patients with vascular dementia, according to clinical and tomographic criteria. Which present cognitive alterations accompanied by behavioral disorders. Standardized tests are performed and subjected to treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, using dementia and cerebrovascular disease protocols of the Actipulse PRO team. The patients were submitted to 40 sessions. Two months later they undergo the same diagnostic tests and confirming cognitive improvement and executive functions. it was also demonstrated the improvement in the coexistence and social performance. Conclusion: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a new method that is currently revolutionizing the treatment of some neurological and psychiatric diseases. Although its way of acting and duration of treatment is not yet standardized, it gives us a new form of neuromodular brain activity, and it is necessary to deepen new population studies to protocolize treatments.Vascular Dementia (DV) is a clinical entity that encompasses a broad spectrum of cognitive disorders caused by Cerebrovascular Disease (CVD). The development of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) as a non-invasive study has enabled the study of the cerebral cortex to form a neurophysiological profile of DV. These studies have confirmed the existence of a pattern of cortical hyperexcitability probably related to the alteration of the integrity of white matter lesions due to cerebrovascular disease [1]. The prevalence of dementing syndrome in Latin America and the Caribbean is high, between 6.0 and 6.5 per 100 adults aged 60 and over. The annualized dementia incidence rate standardized for age is also high, with an estimated 410 938 new cases of dementia per year, which is associated with lower survival in relation to highincome countries. Of 3, 4 million people with dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean today, the figure will increase to 4.1 million for 2020 and 9.1 million in 2040, that is, it will be similar to that of North America. Western Europe and North America, have the highest prevalences of dementia in the population of 60 years or older (7.2 and 6.9% respectively), followed by the Insular Caribbean (6.5%) and Latin America (6.0%). The prevalence of dementia per 100 adults over 60 years of age, the estimated number of people with dementia and new cases per year, as well as the proportion of increase in the next four decades and the total costs caused by dementias [2,3].
Authors and Affiliations
Jose Felix Perez Veitia
Keywords
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- EP ID EP622360
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.19.003241
- Views 167
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