Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) as the causative factor and marker of vascular injury related to insulin resistance
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2016, Vol 70, Issue
Abstract
One of adipokines involved in the development of insulin resistance is retinol-binding protein 4(RBP4). The physiological role of RBP4 is transport of retinol from the liver to peripheral tissues. One of the first events related to the excessive visceral fat accumulation is the development of inflammation followed by hormonal adipose tissue dysfunction, including excessive RBP4 production. Reduced density of the membrane-type glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is considered as a direct cause for the stimulation of RBP4 release to the circulation by adipocytes. Circulating RBP4 inhibits the signal pathways stimulated by insulin in skeletal muscle cells, resulting in the development of insulin resistance. Drugs stimulating receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma (PPARγ) – thiazolidinediones – inhibit the production of RBP4 by adipose tissue and increase the insulin sensitivity of the tissues. Increased secretion of RBP4 stimulates the expression of adhesion molecules in the endothelial cells, promoting development of atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. Population studies demonstrated an association between serum RBP4 in the circulation, and the severity of atherosclerosis and risk of the cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes. It also appears that the rbp4 gene functional polymorphisms may influence the risk of metabolic complications of obesity, including vascular injury. Therefore, the concentration of RBP4 in the circulation may be considered both as the causative factor and marker of chronic vascular injury. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge on the potential role of RBP4 in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, particularly related to insulin resistance.
Authors and Affiliations
Marcin Majerczyk, Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka, Jerzy Chudek
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP206133
- DOI -
- Views 133
- Downloads 0
Inhibicja aktywności proteasomu jako nowa strategia w terapii i chemioprewencji nowotworów
System ubikwityna-proteasom jest jednym z głównych szlaków selektywnie degradujących białka komórkowe i regulujących większość procesów kluczowych dla zachowania homeostazy komórki. Degradacji proteasomalnej ulegają międ...
Mechanizmy endocytozy wykorzystywane przez wirusy podczas zakażenia
Wirusy, mimo stosunkowo prostej budowy, wykształciły wiele mechanizmów ułatwiających im korzystanie ze struktur komórki gospodarza. Aby doszło do zakażenia, wirus musi wprowadzić swój genom do wnętrza komórki. Najnowsze...
Molekularne markery karcynogenezy w diagnostyce raka szyjki macicy
Rak szyjki macicy jest najczęstszym nowotworem złośliwym narządu rodnego, zajmuje drugie miejsce pod względem częstości występowania u kobiet, zaraz po raku piersi. Cechuje się również wysoką umieralnością, dlatego też p...
The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity
Obesity is a disease that develops as a result of long-term positive energy balance. In recent years, the influence of gut microflora composition, as a potential factor affecting the energy balance and contributing to fa...
Teoria serotoninowa a tętnicze nadciśnienie płucne
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, complex disease leading to the right ventricular failure and premature death. PAH is characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure, increased vascular resi...