Review on Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Journal Title: International Journal of Science and Innovative Research - Year 2021, Vol 2, Issue 01
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a vector-borne viral disease, widely distributed in different regions of the world. CCHF caused by a tick-borne virus (Nairovirus) which belongs to the Bunyaviridae family. The virus is highly pathogenic in nature, can be easily and has a high fatality rate of 10-40%. The reservoir and vector of CCHFV are the ticks of the Hyalomma genus. Therefore, the circulation of this virus depends upon the distribution of the ticks. The virus can be transmitted from the tick to an animal, animal to human and human to human. The major symptoms of CCHF are headache, high fever, abdominal pain, myalgia, hypotension and flushed face. As the disease progresses, severe symptoms start appearing, such as petechiae, ecchymosis, epistaxis, bleeding gums and emesis. CCHF can be diagnosed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, antigen detection, serum neutralization and isolation of the virus by cell culture. There is no specific antiviral therapy available for CCHF. However, ribavirin has been approved by the World Health Organization for the treatment of CCHFV infection. Awareness campaigns regarding the risk factors and control measures can aid in reducing the spread of this disease to a greater extent, particularly in developing countries.
Authors and Affiliations
Jash Pandya, Dharmendra Singh Rajput
Keywords
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