Risk Assessment of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women
Journal Title: International Journal of Research and Review - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 7
Abstract
Introduction: Postmenopausal osteoporosis is recognized to be a major health problem and is preventable to some extent. In the Indian scenario, inadequate dietary calcium intake, low physical activity and low body weight are important risk factors for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Objective: To determine the usefulness of risk assessment and screening for osteoporosis in a hospital based population of postmenopausal women. Materials & Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of a North Indian tertiary care hospitals. It included a cross-section of 200 postmenopausal females attending gynecology OPD and Menopausal clinic. Women were screened for 10 year risk of major osteoporosis related fracture using FRAX WHO FRACTURE RISK ASSESSMENT TOOL. DEXA scan was done for women having one or more risk factors for osteoporosis and WHO criteria was used to diagnose osteoporosis. Result: Of the 200 postmenopausal women screened 90 women had one or more than one risk factor for osteoporosis. Out of 90 women, 36 (40%) were found to have osteoporosis while 49 (54.4%) women were osteopenic. Low body weight, decrease physical activity and poor dietary calcium intake were the most commonly observed risk factors in 49%, 25% and 40.5% respectively. There was a strong association between age > 65yrs and osteoporosis (p=0.007). Low body weight and poor dietary calcium intake were also significantly associated with osteoporosis (p=0.027,p=0.021). Conclusion: Evaluation of postmenopausal women by screening for risk factors was found to be a powerful tool to define the risk status for osteoporosis. Low body weight and poor dietary calcium are modifiable risk factors for developing osteoporosis.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr Savita Tamaria
Keywords
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