Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Risk of Cancer Cervix in Women
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 10
Abstract
Carcinoma of cervix is one of the leading malignancies in developing countries including India having an incidence of 14.42 and mortality 2.83 per lakh population .It has a multifactorial etiology. Objectives: To study some socio-demographic risk factors and their strength of association with cervical cancer. Material And Methods: Hospital based case control study was carried out at Obstetrics and Gynecology and Radiotherapy departments, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur; a tertiary-care, teaching-hospital in Central India. A sample of 130 cases and 130 controls was included. Cases were histopathologically diagnosed patients of cancer cervix from out-patient and in-patient departments. For each case, one concurrent control (i.e. woman with normal pap smear) was selected from the hospital, excluding those women with any other cancer. Analysis: Data in case and control groups were summarized in the form of frequency and percentages. Crude and adjusted estimates of odds ratios (OR) were calculated along with 95% confidence intervals (CI), chi-square test and unconditional multiple logistic regression (MLR) were used to assess associations. Data were analyzed in Epi–info (3.5.1), and SPSS version 18.0. Results: Out of a total 130 cases, majority i.e. 87 (66.9%) were diagnosed in stage IIIB of cervical cancer. On multivariate analysis, seven risk factors were found to be significantly associated with cervical cancer. These were: Early age at 1st sexual intercourse(OR= 9.62, 95%CI=6.84-33.42, p value<0.001), illiteracy(OR=3.58, 95%CI=1.72-7.46, p value <0.001), poor genital hygiene (OR=3.35, 95%CI=1.59-7.03, p value <0.001), multiparity(OR=3.16, 95%CI=1.17-8.53, p value =0.023), low socioeconomic status(OR=2.11, 95%CI=1.12 -4.41, p value =0.044), OCP use for ≥3 yrs (OR=1.78, 95%CI=1.65-1.94, p value =0.009), Early age at menarche(OR=1.44, 95%CI=1.21-1.97, p value =0.042) Conclusion: Early age at 1st sexual intercourse, illiteracy, poor genital hygiene, multiparity, low socioeconomic status, OCP use for ≥3 yrs, and early age at menarche are important risk factors in women in Central India. Imparting health education and early screening of women will help in prevention and reduction of cervical cancer.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Shubhangi Agawane, Dr. Amod Borle, Dr. Pravishal Adling, Dr. Harshal Tukaram Pandve
Keywords
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