Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Journal Title: Archives of Diabetes & Obesity - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
Over the past years, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global pandemic, both in developed and developing countries [1,2]. Its aetiology is multifactorial, including genetic factors, increasing age, obesity and insulin resistance [3]. Among these factors, obesity is of paramount importance, and its management can be of benefit [4,5]. Consequently, the ideal anti diabetic medication should promote weight loss or at least prevent further weight increase [6]. Sodiumglucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is), i.e. dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, canagliflozin and others, represent a new class of agents approved for the management of T2DM, which promote weight loss [7]. Indeed, SGLT-2is promote glycosuria, thereby leading to: a) reduction of serum glucose; b) loss of calories through the urine [7-9]. Normally, around 90% of filtered renal glucose is reabsorbed in the first segment of the proximal tubule by SGLT-2. These agents prevent renal glucose re absorption by inhibition of SGLT-2 [7-9]. Interestingly, canagliflozin has an additional mode of action: at 300 mg, but not at 150 mg, it also reduces intestinal glucose absorption during the meal following drug administration [10].
Authors and Affiliations
Nikolaos Papanas, Theano Penlioglou
Keywords
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- EP ID EP588759
- DOI 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000111
- Views 79
- Downloads 0
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