SOIL CONDITIONS AND PLANT COMMUNITIES ON THE SUMMIT, THE SLOPE AND THE DEPRESSION ON THE EDGE OF WEST ODER
Journal Title: Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura Alimentaria Piscaria et Zootechnica - Year 2016, Vol 39, Issue 328
Abstract
37 relevés were made in the area of West Oder western edge located between the village of Moczyły and the hamlet of Kamionka. Geobotanical study was conducted in three elements of the terrain. 17 relevés were made on flat tops of the edge with cereal cultivation, 11 on the southern and southeastern slope within long-term fallow, and 7 in the depression (with triticale cultivation). 4 outcrops were made along the transect from which samples were taken in order to determine basic soil parameters (grain size distribution, pH and CaCO3 content). Lathyro- -Melandrietum noctiflori segetal community was distinguished on the summit and it was internally diversified into the typical variant as well as Anthemis tinctoria and Melampyrum arvense. The slopes are inhabited by floristically rich Convolvulo arvensis-Agropyretum repentis phytocoenoses. It is characterised by species diversity resulting from the process of community transformation, which occurs on the slope of the habitat during secondary succession. Poo-Tussilaginetum farfarae phytocoenoses develop at the footslope (in the depression), which is characterised by different ecological conditions compared to the slope and the summit. With the use of phytoindicational properties of plant species and Ellenberg’s method the following mean values were determined: thermal relations of the habitat (T), humidity (W), pH of the soil (R), content of nitrogen (N) and biological activity of the soil (G). The warmest are the habitats on the slope (T = 2.5) and on the summit (T = 2.3). In the depression, the habitats are very cold (T = 1.8). The driest soils are those of the summit and the slope (W = 3.5). In the depression the soils are periodically wet (W = 2.4). The pH of the soil on the summit and the slope is alkaline (R = 4.2) and in the depression it is neutral (R = 3.8). The content of N in the soil of the summit and the slope is similar (N = 2.8–3.3), and slightly lower on the slope (N = 2.7) which is due to the loss of humus caused by surface water erosion occurring on the slope of the hill. The results obtained with this method are very close to the soil parameters obtained with analytical soil science methods.
Authors and Affiliations
Ignacy KUTYNA, Katarzyna MALINOWSKA, Ryszard MALINOWSKI
Keywords
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