СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ЗЕМЛИ
Journal Title: Інформаційні системи, механіка та керування - Year 2018, Vol 0, Issue 19
Abstract
To date, space systems for the Earth remote sensing have emerged as a new information technology that provides the diverse needs of society for Earth data to solve economic, managerial, scientific, technical and other problems. The purpose of the article is to focus on the relevance of the Earth remote sensing national system development, on a number of important factors that must be considered when developing a strategy for creating such a system, and on specific developments in the field of remote sensing, namely: - the significant increase of the international competition in the creation of the commercial space observation systems of the Earth; - the constant increase of the consumer requirements to the technological level and the quality of the remote sensing products; - many foreign countries use of the state protectionism measures; - the difficulty of participating in the international projects of high-tech cooperation due to noncompliance of the international standards and criteria for the intellectual property protection. It is necessary to focus on the following characteristics of optical-electronic remote sensing systems: 1. The error in the objects coordinates determining using materials survey in the WGS-84 coordinate system, without using control points, not more than 15 m. 2. Limits of the permissible measurement error (at the level of 0.997) of the angular position of the spacecraft axes in the WGS-84 coordinate system, in real time, no more than 0.001 (3σ); 3. Limits of the permissible measurement error (at the level of 0.997) of the current coordinates of the spacecraft in the WGS-84 coordinate system, in real time, no more than 10 m (3σ); 4. Limits of the permissible measurement error (at the level of 0.997) of the current speed of the spacecraft, not more than 0.01 m / s (3σ). It is also important to take into account that all parts of the system should be united by a single project-technical and instructive documentation in order to ensure the solution of the specific priority thematic tasks. These are: - the relevance of solving the problem for the needs of management and economic activity, ensuring the security of the state and the person; - the possibility of the tasks implementing must be proved for the operational level by designing, experimental testing, providing the necessary operational documentation and the availability of the developed and legalized methods for data processing and interpreting - ensuring the space component functioning of the system, as the main part of the technical support for system functioning due to the regular launches and operation of the national remote sensing satellites of Sich series. - creation of advanced groundwork for the target remote sensing equipment (optical-electronic, radar) with a tendency to increase the spatial resolution. - further development of metrological support and ground segment due to the modernization and operation of ground-based software and hardware, the creation of calibration sites and ground-based means of their characteristics certification. The main argument in the design of the ground segment, as in the design of the space segment, should be a list of the system thematic tasks.It is especially necessary to pay attention to metrological provision. If there is significant progress and experience in creating of the software and hardware tools for pre-processing and normalization of information, but as far as metrology is concerned, here the state is more complicated. The created payload for Sich 2-1 and Sich-2 satellites does not have on-board standards. Thus, it is important to ensure measurements uniformity in the production and operation of systems necessary to obtain reliable and competitive measurement data with traceability to international and national standards. Therefore, creating metrological support for remote sensing systems, it is important to consider the following: - the principles formation of creating a system for metrological support for remote sensing (reliability and reliability); - development and creation of a technical and reference base for remote sensing systems: - the creation and development of ground-based experimental testing facilities; - creation of onboard calibrators, special standards; - testing and periodic monitoring of the accuracy characteristics of remote sensing systems; - metrological support at all stages of the life cycle of remote sensing systems; the correspondence of the obtained data to the internationally accepted standards of physical quantities.
Authors and Affiliations
А. Б. Камелин, В. Г. Лукомский
Keywords
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