SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED ASSESSMENT OF SOLAR RESOURCES FOR ENERGY APPLICATIONS IN SLOVAKIA
Journal Title: FOLIA GEOGRAPHICA - Year 2008, Vol 47, Issue 1
Abstract
Spatial and temporal distribution of available solar energy depends on several factors. Besides latitude and astronomical factors it is strongly influenced by climate factors (e.g. cloudiness, turbidity) and topography. this paper presents a solar database of Slovakia containing spatially-distributed solar energy resource data necessary for plan- ning, sitting and forecasting of solar device installations. the database consists of several data sets showing monthly and annual real-sky and clear-sky irradiation on horizontal and optimally-inclined planes. it was derived from available solar radiation databases, ground-station meteorological data, digital elevation model with a horizontal resolution of 100 m and methodology based on the r.sun solar radiation model. the analysis and modeling was performed within the open-source environment of GRaSS GiS. the results show that an average daily sum of real-sky solar irradiation on a horizontal plane is about 3.0 kWh/m 2 /day (ranging from 2.7 to 3.3 kWh/m 2 /day for 95% of the area) with the highest potential in southern areas of the Slovak territory. northern, mountainous areas have a mixed potential that strongly depends on local topography (areas affected by shadows). the energy yield can be increased by optimization of solar panel inclination. the solar panel inclined to 34 - 46 degrees receive about 2.9-3.8 kWh/m 2 /day of solar ir - radiation (95% of the area) with the average value of 3.3 kWh/m 2 /day. the study showed a strong seasonal variation of available solar energy with the highest values during summer months. horizontal planes in December, in average, receive only 15% of solar irradiation available in June. the optimization of solar panel inclination increases the availability of solar energy during winter up to 30% of June values
Authors and Affiliations
Jaroslav HOFIERKA, Tomáš CEBECAUER
Keywords
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