SPEED OPTIMAL PHASE-LOCKED LOOP FOR PRECISE TIME INSTANTS SYNTHESIZER FOR INTEGRATED POWER SUPPLY SMART GRID SYSTEMS
Journal Title: Machinery and Energetics - Year 2018, Vol 0, Issue 283
Abstract
Nowadays, it is important to achive the desired energy efficiency of power supply systems by improving the quality, reliability of transmission and generation of accurate precise time instants for continuous monitoring of the stability of power grid parameters with real-time scale. The goal of the work is to investigate modern solutions for the transfer of synchronization information using IP-based technologies and optimize for the speed the phase-locked loop of frequency synthesizer, which will improve the quality of generating the exact time instants. The construction of a distribution network can not be imagined without the technologies of automated network management and remote monitoring of the state of power equipment that allows the efficient and safe use of alternative energy sources, including solar energy, wind energy and other solutions, and according to the demand to supply this energy to customer. The active introduction of the latest generation of microprocessors and digital computers (computers) in the automated control technology enabled the development of SMART technology, self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology that enables the creation of control systems and control of the entire technological cycle: the collection, processing, transmission of information, as well as the management of substations in real time. It is important to note that the developed concept of the smart grid (SMART Grid) has an integral part, which is connected with the necessity of continuous monitoring of real-time binding parameters of the grid with the help of timestamp labels. With the introduction of integrated power supply systems for SMART technologies, which use process buss, it becomes necessary to provide a higher accuracy of device synchronization over time - within 1 μs. This creates the necessary conditions for the implementation of fundamentally new solutions in the task of choosing response measures, including preventive, in case of non-standard or unexpected situations, for example, the emergence of cascade emergency power outages. The IEEE Std 1588-2008 standard defines a second version of the PTP protocol, known as PTPv2 or 1588v2 [4]. This protocol provides high accuracy of timing synchronization (class T5), which is achieved by fixing PTP synchronization message timings on Ethernet interfaces on the hardware level. The RTR Profile for Power Industry (Power Profile IEEE Std C37.238-2011) further fixes a number of parameters to ensure the accuracy of synchronization of time within 1 μs. On the basis of the linearized model of a closed system of automatic regulation of the synthesizer of labels of the exact time and the use of the optimization method on the basis of the maximum principle by academician L.S. Pontryagin obtained in the analytical form the speed-optimal control law and proposed its implementation using an adaptive digital phase discriminator (PD) The use of adaptive digital PD, which is protected by the patent of Ukraine for invention, in the synthesizer of precise time marks provides optimal control of the shape of the phase discriminator (PD) characteristics, the minimum duration of the transient process and the improvement of the quality indicators of the generated exact time marks. The transfer of synchronization information by the existing IP networks based on the modern PTP protocol will enable reliable provision of integrated power supply systems with timestamps with accuracy class T5 in accordance with the requirements of IEC 61850-90-5.
Authors and Affiliations
В. В. Коваль, Д. О. Кальян, Ю. А. Максименко, О. В. Самков
Keywords
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