Stromal expression of SMA immunohistochemical antigen in proliferative lesions of breast
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Pathology - Year 2019, Vol 9, Issue 2
Abstract
Background and objective: CD34 positive fibrocytes are abundantly found in normal breast tissue. However, it is still unclear whether mere absence of CD34 without acquisition by SMA or accompanied with the acquisition by SMA indicates malignant transformation. Therefore, the current study was undertaken to study the stromal expression of SMA antigen by immunohistochemical method in proliferative lesions of the breast and to evaluate gain of SMA antigen is specific for malignant lesions. Material and method: The study analysed 108 cases of proliferative lesions of the breast with varying diagnosis. All the cases underwent routine processing and were studied for SMA immunohistochemical staining and graded as 0,1,2,3 (Grade 0- complete loss of SMA expression, Grade 1- a reduced expression of SMA antigen, Grade 2 and 3 - a retained expression of SMA antigen). Results: Of the 108 cases, 84 cases were a benign lesion, 1 case was a borderline lesion, and 23 cases were malignant. Malignant lesions included twenty-two cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma and one case each of infiltrating lobular carcinoma. One case of borderline phyllodes tumor also included in this study. In normal breast tissue, stroma was weakly positive or negative for SMA IHC stain. Out of 84 benign proliferative lesions, SMA antigen was expressed in 43 cases (which includes 22 cases of reduced expression and 21 cases of retained expression) and negative in 41 cases. Out of 23 cases of malignant proliferative lesions, 22 cases retained the SMA antigen with Grade 3 positivity and one case of invasive lobular carcinoma with the total loss (Grade 0) of SMA antigen. The only case of borderline phyllodes tumor shows reduced expression of SMA. Conclusion: Unlike CD34, we cannot conclude that the use of SMA immunohistochemical marker positivity as an adjuvant tool in differentiating between benign and malignant conditions where the morphology is equivocal.
Authors and Affiliations
Elancheran . , Rajkumar P, M Dhivya, Raghuveer Cr
Keywords
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- EP ID EP536562
- DOI 10.26611/105929
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