Structural Functionalism Analysis On Children Laborers Phenomena In Jember Regency

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Structural Functionalism Analysis On Children Laborers Phenomena In Jember Regency

Journal Title: International Journal of Scientific Research and Management - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 9

Abstract

The phenomenon of child labourer is a social fact that is difficult to eliminate in society (social system) because it is still functional for social structures such as family, business, and child labourer itself. Various policies and regulations have been made by the government, but the implementation has not been effective in dealing with child labourer issues. The aims of this study is to describe: (1) What is the reason parents do not ask their children to school, even though they a re not burdened with the cost of education; (2) What is the reason of the child involve into the world of work; And (3) What is the basic consideration of employers employing children, despite being prohibited by the Manpower Act Number 13 Year 2003 and th e Law of the Republic of Indonesia number 1 Year 2000. Based on the theory of structural functionalism, it explained that society is a social system consisting of parts or elements that are interrelated; united in order and balance. Changes that occur in o ne part cause changes to other parts. The basic assumption is that any structure in the social system is functional and can also be dis - functional to other social structures when the structure has negative consequences. The certain consequences, both funct ional and dysfunctional have a particular purpose and are recognized by the system element so that it is manifest (manifest function). Other unrecognized elements are latency or having latency function. Through the perspective of the structural functionali sm theory, it can be explained that the phenomenon of child labourer is closely related to the functioning and dysfunction of social structures such as family, business, and child labourer itself, and in the process of interaction between structures within a particular social system of purpose. It is a manifest or latency to the balance of the social system, so the phenomenon of child labourer persists and persists in society. This research was conducted in Jember regency, precisely in 3 (three) sub distric ts, namely Sumbersari, Kaliwates, and Patrang. The location is based on the consideration that there is an almost equal spread of labourers in the region because each region has the same potential for child labourers for various reasons and considerations. The research design was qualitative exploratory. Data collection techniques used in - depth interviews and participant observation, while the data collection procedure used the snowball sampling procedure. Data analysis technique was descriptive analysis in which the analysis procedure through 3 (three) stages, namely data reduction phase, data display, and conclusion. The observation technique of the research results was done by testing the credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability of field data. The respondents were 27 child labourers working in agriculture, industry, services and trade that obtained the following data: (1). The parents’ reasons do not ask their children to school because of the high (costly) education costs as much as 20 people (74%); Due to cultural factors (children's family economic support, and have economic value for families) as many as 26 people (96%), and who answered did not know the existence of Law / Convention on the rights of children as much as 27 people (100%); (2) The child reasons involve into the industrial are, to be precise Work is a form of devotion to the parents as much as 27 children (100%); That work to meet the basic needs (pocket money, clothing, and entertainment) as many as 10 children (37%) ; Working due to conditions at home that are less harmonious (Broken home) as many as 7 children (26%); Since working is the job opportunities that do not require certain skills (skills) as much as 20 children (74%); since the children preferred to work ra ther than go to school as many as 27 children (100%); Work was as the reasons for cultural value (people appreciate working children rather than unemployed ones) of 27 children (100%); Working is because of the availability of local resources that can be employed as many as 15 children (56%); and the reason for the easy recruitment pattern is 27 children (100%). (3) The basis consideration of employers employing children, are as follows, for the reason that the income paid under the minimum income (under t he minimum Bambang Soepeno, IJSRM Volume 05 Issue 09 September 2017 [www.ijsrm.in] Page 7130 income) of 27 children (100%); For the children are more obedient or manageable than adult workers as many as 10 children (37%); As it did not require the contract of labour contract with child labourers or with parents as much as 7 children (26 %); And since there was no protest from the parents despite the exploitation of children in the work. Based on the results, it can be concluded that child labourers are still functional for families, employers, and for child labourers itself, but dysfuncti onal is for regulation in exercising control and supervision on child labourer issues. Manifest function in this study can be seen from the existing and survival phenomenon of child labourers in the social system (community). While the non - functioning of p olicies and regulations (legislation) as control and social systems control which resulted in the phenomenon of child labourers still exist and survive in society is latency function

Authors and Affiliations

Bambang Soepeno

Keywords

Child Labourers Parents Businessman Functional Dysfunction al Latency and Manifest

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EP ID EP314399
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