STUDY OF CORRELATION OF BODY MASS INDEX(BMI) WITH BLOOD PRESSURE IN ADOLESCENTS.
Journal Title: Indian journal of applied basic medical sciences - Year 2018, Vol 20, Issue 30
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is a state of excess adipose tissue mass. The most widely used method to gauge obesity is the body mass index, which is equal to weight/height2(in kg/m2). BMI changes throughout the growth and development of adolescent. It can be used as an indicator for tracking body size throughout the cycle. As BMI increases throughout the range of moderate and severe overweight, so also does the risk increase for cardiovascular complications including hypertension. Material and Method: The present study was conducted to study correlation of Body Mass Index (BMI) with blood pressure in Adolescents. Study Population consisted of 100 subjects including both male and femalebetween age group of 15-17 yrs.All the subjects were divided in groups A and group B according to BMI.Group A Subject BMI ≤ 24.9.Group B Subject BMI ≥ 25. Height is measured by Measure Tape, Weight is recorded by standard weighing scale machine and Blood Pressure recording by clinical Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Results: The statistical analysis was done using correlation unpaired t-test. There was significant positive correlation between BMI with systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure of male and femalein adolescents age group. Conclusion: In present study, Group A Body Mass Index of Male With Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure, the p value are 0.0139 and 0.0280 respectively (P<0.05) showing significant positive correlation between body mass index and blood pressures.Group B, Body Mass Index of Female With Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure, the p value are 0.0099 and 0.0025 respectively (P<0.05) showing significant positive correlation between body mass index and blood pressures. The mechanism by which excess fat deposition (obesity) influences BP in adolescents appears to be through increased sympathetic activity, renin angiotensin -aldosterone system activation, and compression of kidneys. Changes in insulin sensitivity and its compensatory hyperinsulinemia lead to sodium and water retention and stimulation of sympathetic activity, which may in turn lead to hypertension. The recognition of elevated BMI in the present study as important factors associated with increased risk of developing elevated BP among adolescents may help target prevention towards high-risk individuals in this age group. This is especially important because of evidence linking adolescent obesity with metabolic abnormalities and risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Nitesh k. Ninama, Dr. Rajula Tyagi
Keywords
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