Study of pap smear and cervical biopsy in a woman with unhealthy cervix attending tertiary care institute
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Gynaecology - Year 2019, Vol 10, Issue 2
Abstract
Background:Carcinoma of cervix is the third most common cancer in women worldwide and most common female cancer in many developing countries like India.The ultimate aim of various modalities of diagnosis is to prevent the development of invasive cervical cancer.Aims and objective: To study the Pap smear and cervical biopsy in a woman with unhealthy cervix attending tertiary care instituteMaterials and method: In the present study 120 women who were attending Out Patients Department (OPD) or being admitted to indoor ward. Among them women who fulfilled one or more of the following selection criteria were randomly selected. A detailed clinical history of each patient was taken. A thorough general and systemic examination was done. The cervix was exposed and visualized for any gross pathological features such as erosion ectropion, hypertrophy, Ulcer or fungating growth, polyp, frank cancer and any abnormal vaginal discharge under adequate light and findings were recorded.Pap smear was taken using Ayre’s spatula. The squamo - columnar junction was scraped with the Ayre’s spatula by rotating full 360 degree. Results:Majority of the cases (34.2%) were in age group of 31-40 years. Majority of the cases in the present study were from lower socio-economic class (63.34%).Majority of cases with abnormal cervical lesion were in the multipara group (parity from 2 to 4). Whitish discharge (68.3%) was the main complaint of majority of the patients with unhealthy cervix followed by irregular bleeding (51.7%). Majority of the cases showed erosion (51.7%) which was followed by growth in 27.5% cases. Pap smear revealed that 55% had an inflammatory/metaplasia and 22.5% showed invasive carcinoma. Among 27 positive cases for cervical neoplasia, 5.8% had CIN I changes, 9.2% had CIN II changes and 7.5% had CIN III changes.Out of all 120 cases were subjected to either punch, wedge or cone cervical biopsy or endometrial curettage. Majority of cases, 44.16% had chronic cervicitis, 4.16% had mucus polyp, 3.34% had mild dysplasia, 5.84% had moderate dysplasia and 7.5% had severe dysplasia. In 30% cases HPE revealed invasive carcinoma.Conclusion:Pap smear revealed that 55% had an inflammatory/metaplasia and 22.5% showed invasive carcinoma. Among 27 positive cases for cervical neoplasia, 5.8% had CIN I changes, 9.2% had CIN II changes and 7.5% had CIN III changes. However out of all 120 cases were subjected to either punch, wedge or cone cervical biopsy or endometrial curettage; majority of cases, 44.16% had chronic cervicitis, 4.16% had mucus polyp, 3.34% had mild dysplasia, 5.84% had moderate dysplasia and 7.5% had severe dysplasia. In 30% cases HPE revealed invasive carcinoma.
Authors and Affiliations
Kaveri MS, Sheetal B
Keywords
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