Study of placental morphological changes in chronic hypertension and its relation with fetal outcome
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Gynaecology - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Although many women with chronic hypertension do well in pregnancy, they are at increased risk for several pregnancy complications, including fetal growth restriction, placental abruption and preterm birth. Aim: To study the placental morphological changes in chronic hypertension and its relation with fetal outcome. Material and Methods: The total number of placentae studied was 400 of which 200 placentae from normal term pregnancy were taken as control group and200 placentae were from patients having medical disorder. Atotal of seven placentae were from patients having chronic hypertension. Gross examination was carried out on the fresh placentae for any abnormality and then sent for histopathological examination. Fetal outcome was compared with the placental pathology. Results: In chronic HTN cases, macroscopically areas of infarction and calcification were observed in 57.14% and 71.42% cases as compared to 11% and 20% of control group respectively. Microscopically increased syncytial knots and cytotro hoblastic cell proliferation were seen in 85.7% and 71.42% of cases respectively. Fibrinoid degeneration and increased basement membrane thickening were seen in 71.42% of cases. Hyper or hypovascular villi were not seen in these cases in our study. Hypermature villi were seen in 71.42% of cases which was significant. Areas of infarction and calcification were seen in 57.14% of cases. The adverse foetal outcome was statistically not significant in chronic HTN cases. Conclusion: The majority of the placentae from chronic hypertension in pregnancy appear to show pathological changes from which aetiology can be fairly predicted but detail quantitative estimation of those placental changes is essential.
Authors and Affiliations
Shailendra V Mangnale, Ashwini S Mangnale
Keywords
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