Study of Serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Levels in Patients of Benign Enlargement of Prostate and Prostatic Cancer
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RECENT TRENDS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY - Year 2014, Vol 9, Issue 1
Abstract
Prostate specific antigen (PSA), neutral serine protease secreted exclusively by prostatic epithelial cells, has a number of applications in the management of men with prostatic carcinoma. While it is widely recognized that elevated PSA correlates with the presence of carcinoma, little data exist regarding the use of PSA as the initial test in the early detection of prostatic cancer Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by the prostate and this protein may be elevated for several reasons, including prostatitis, benign prostatic hypertrophy and cancer. The value of the PSA test varies when used for screening, diagnosis, prognosis and as indicator of recurrence of prostate cancer. AIMS and Objectives: To study levels of Serum PSA in patients of Benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostatic carcinoma and comparing them with normal healthy individuals above 55 years of age. Material and Methods: The study was performed on 100 consecutive male patients (mean age 68 ± 10.8 years SD) comprising of 80 patients with benign disease (80%) and 20 prostate carcinoma patients (20%), who had histologically proven prostate cancer. Patients with total PSA between 2-25 ng/ml were included in the study. 30 normal healthy males with age 55 ± 10 years, served as control. Serum total PSA were analyzed using CLIA method.The mean total PSA in normal healthy control subjects was 1.72 ± 1.06 ng/ml. It was increased significantly in diseased condition. Its mean concentration in carcinoma patients was 12.6 ± 5.3 ng/ml and in benign patients it was 6.3 ± 4.6 ng/ml. Conclusions: Markedly increased PSA levels in serum suggests a cancer. This information may aid patients and clinicians in management of prostate cancer, such as selecting patients for watchful waiting. However, more research is needed to determine the performance characteristics of PSA in clinical practice. It is recommended that the use of PSA and Digital Rectal Examination in combination is important as a diagnostic procedure for the early detection of prostate cancer.
Authors and Affiliations
Dhananjay Vasantrao Bhale
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