The aesthetic character of industrial design furniture in the eclectism period
Journal Title: Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology; Zeszyty naukowe SGGW - Year 2015, Vol 92, Issue
Abstract
The aesthetic character of industrial design furniture in the eclectism period. Contemporarily, industrial design obviously and fundamentally determines both the aesthetic and the utilitarian nature of industrial production. It also determines the aesthetic aspects of the material reality co-created by the technique and art according to the "beauty rights." The 21st century is increasingly adopting the character of the new nature for the modern man. This new reality is primarily composed of material objects, architecture and industrial design, i order to not only satisfy the needs of the consumer but also the aesthetic needs of the man. In the 19th century the sharp opposition of "beauty" and "utility", applied to the art and the technical civilization, has lost its relevance, as a result of the activities of people such as William Morris, who opened a new era in bilateral relations between these two areas. Impressive achievements of industrial design, including furniture design, has contributed to strengthening the role of art in the production of industrial and urbanized world. Furniture, as an utility object, with time has began to play an important role as a field where the creativity and the artistic imagination can be expressed. It thus serves to expose the beauty of the material world. The decorative properties of furniture were influenced by: the artistic taste of both their makers and their clients, and specifics of a given period. The 19th century is a time of industrial revolution, in which the craft was arguably forgotten and neglected. The first response of the industrial revolution to the transformation has become a new trend called eclecticism, which is quite different from the earlier furniture styles. Mechanized production, growing at a rapid pace, contributed to the separation of craft from art and thus reduced the individual craftsman’s thought. On the other hand, industrial development brought new materials and techniques. This era is proved to be quite unable to create new art forms, but deriving from the past it has led to the development of various hybrids, such as a gothic column made of cast iron. Curiously, a theme of a "curved line" appeared in almost every type of furniture from this period, often causing lack of harmony.
Authors and Affiliations
IWONA BŁASZCZAK, Ewa Lisiecka, Agnieszka Mielnik
Keywords
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