THE ARCHIVES OF NIKOLAYEVSHCHINA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ARCHIVAL HISTORY OF UKRAINE 1917–1925
Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Історія" - Year 2016, Vol 274, Issue 262
Abstract
The article discusses the tragic events in the field of archives of Mykolayiv and Mykolayiv province in 1917–1925. During this period most of the pre-revolutionary historical documentary heritage of Mykolayiv was lost. The paper also highlights the activities of the archival commission of the forensic section of Mykolayiv Council of Workers and Military Deputies (1917), Mykolaiv commission on extraction and utilization of archival materials (gubOVAK, 1920–1921), Mykolayiv archival commission of the museum section of the out of school department of Provincial People’s Education (Hubnorosvita) (1920–1921), Mykolayiv provincial archival section at Provincial Political Education(Hubpolitosvita) (1921–1922). Attention is paid to the archival sector reform efforts in Ukraine during the Central Councils, Hetmanate, and Directory. The author concludes that the ideas of Ukrainian archivists of the liberation struggle era did not reach the archives and archivists Mykolayiv due to military activities and political situation. The actual reorganization of archives in Mykolayiv was started by the Soviet authorities, but Soviet officials first used archives in the fight against political opponents, and only then as a tool to study the history of the revolution. In the 1917–1925, archival documents in Mykolayiv were massively destroyed during the military activities, and paper and fuel crises. Despite all the declarations on the protection of archives issued by the Bolshevik government, they and former the governments of the Ukrainian People’s Republic failed to prevent losses of Ukrainian archives in those conditions. During 1917–1925, at least 5 million records created before 1917 were destroyed in the Mykolayiv region. County and district archives suffered the most. The author does not perceive the Mykolayiv commission on the extraction and utilization of the archival materials (gubOVAK) as a body that prevented the destruction of archival documents. On the contrary, gubOVAK and the provincial archival section executed the Bolsheviks plans to erase the memory of the past. However, Mykolayiv provincial archival section resorted to more substantial institutional activities. In part, it managed to concentrate the records of provincial center and counties institutions, created the county sections, Provincial historical archives and the Revolutionary archives. Further administrative and territorial changes in Ukraine (Mykolayiv province liquidation) did not contribute to the archival work. The Regional municipal department turned public archive storage facilities into warehouses and eventually destroyed the city archives.
Authors and Affiliations
L. Levchenko
Keywords
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