The eccentric everyday life of the Polish gentry at the Ukrainian Right Bank in the 30's of the nineteenth century as a manifestation of political protest
Journal Title: Eminak - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 4
Abstract
The problem of the balahulstvo movement in the Ukrainian Right Bank on the background of socio-political processes that took place here with the subordination of the Russian Empire was considered. The unification processes initiated by the imperial authorities seized, including the structure of the ruling layer – the Polish gentry. Russian colonialists could not agree with the reality of a huge number of gentry members who lived on the territory of the Ukrainian Right Bank annexed by them. Moreover, it was not acceptable to them that the dignity of free people of nobility was used here, including people who had no property and lived on their own physical labor. It is these representatives of the gentry state – «coat of arms paupers», as they are often called contemporaries – who became the first victims of the introduced Russian order; they were largely deprived of gentry dignity and transferred to taxable strata. With all these processes, the representatives of the wealthy circles of the Polish nobility, and especially the magnates, quite agreed. This conciliatory position of Polish landowners over abuse of their «brothers» by status – the landless gentry (the Chynshovyks) – looked especially cynical when, after the defeat of the November uprising of 1830-31, the frankly repressive anti- Polish actions of the imperial authorities began. It is in these circumstances that the emergence of the balahul movement (eccentric, maggoty, protesting against the established large landlord traditions) serves as a kind of rehabilitation of gentry dignity of the ruling class. Influenced through by Ukrainian national-cultural content, balahulstvo has become a definite first impulse for the educated circles in the Polish society for a more thorough study of Ukrainian culture and an interest in democratization processes.
Authors and Affiliations
Yuriy Zemsky
Keywords
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