The essence of criminological characteristics of crime and its prevention
Journal Title: Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytety Vnutrishnikh Sprav - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
Generalization of the criminological knowledge of this component of its subject matter is criminality. Different points of view on the essence of criminological characteristics of crime are presented. It is noted that the Criminal Code of Ukraine in Part 1 of Art. 1, one of its tasks, proclaimed the prevention of crimes. It is precisely this task that corresponds to the preventive function of criminal law, which, in turn, indicates the criminological basis for the prevention of both individual crimes and crime in general. Taking into account the fact that the science of sociology of crime was extremely developed during the twentieth century, while the Radian authorities considered it bourgeois with all the consequences of such recognition. Over the past twenty years, domestic criminologists have tried to keep pace with the best practices in the world of understanding the nature of crime and developing effective measures to prevent it. It was stated that the main directions of prevention should be: training for the self-defense of the population (in the first place, raising the level of legal culture); finding out the causes and conditions that contributed to the commission of crimes; generalization of the practice of disclosure and investigation of cases of such category; use the full potential of scientific and practical measures to prevent crime; the development of appropriate complexes of methodological recommendations. The emphasis is placed on the following special measures for the improvement of crime prevention at the special-crime level: the production and distribution of special monuments, reservations on how to be protected from the offender, not to become a victim of a crime; notification of the population through the mass media about the facts of crimes committed in a certain territory, typical actions of criminals, the procedure of citizens' actions in the event of encounter with criminals or the emergence of a conflict situation, as well as about possible potentially criminal situations; provision of practical assistance to citizens at the place of residence; the approaching of posts and routes of patrols to places suitable for committing crimes; conducting focused conversations, trainings and classes on persons who are characterized by an increased degree of victimization, as well as control of their behavior; conducting joint meetings and methodological seminars for investigators and operatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine on the prevention of crime.
Authors and Affiliations
Tayisiya Shevchenko
Keywords
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