The Evolution of Natural Law and Its Impact on Construction of Electoral Rights
Journal Title: The Journal of Human Rights - Year 2015, Vol 9, Issue 1
Abstract
In spite of its being repetitive, the phrase "natural law" has been used with different meanings and notions. The new meaning of natural law has had important role in foundation of democratic societies in the seventeenth and eighteenth century and is relevant with election rights notion. Therefore the power of the idea of natural law is based upon the fact that it has been essential for the explanation of constitution of modern States and the performance of new political role of people. Hence its substantive trace can be observed in the constitutions of most democratic States and also in some statutes especially in election rights. In fact the democratic election rights in modern societies are based upon the modernized human natural rights and were guaranteed in a lot of constitutions. A lot of human rights categories such as liberty, equality and the right of political participation were used for the justification of democratic election rights and somehow it resulted in survival and dynamism of these notions in literature and legal order of modern age. چکیده واژة قانون طبیعی به‌رغم تکراری بودنش در دورههای مختلف، حامل معانی و مفاهیم متفاوتی بوده است. معنای نوین قانون طبیعی در قرون هفدهم و هجدهم میلادی در بسترسازی جوامع دموکراتیک نقش بسزایی داشته و با مقوله حقوق انتخابات مرتبط است. لذا قدرت اندیشه قانون طبیعی از این روست که در تبیین ایجاد دولتهای مدرن و ایفای نقش جدید سیاسی مردم اهمیت بسیاری داشته است. بنابراین رد پای عمیقی از آن در قانون اساسی اغلب کشورهای دموکراتیک و همچنین در بعضی از حقوق موضوعه از جمله حقوق انتخاباتی دیده میشود. در واقع حقوق انتخابات دموکراتیک در جوامع مدرن بر مبنای حقوق طبیعی بشر که مدرنیزه شده بود، تحقق یافت و در بسیاری از قوانین اساسی تضمین گردید. بسیاری از مقولات حقوق بشری چون آزادی، برابری، حق مشارکت سیاسی در توجیه حقوق انتخابات دموکراتیک به کار گرفته شد و به نوعی منجر به بقا و پویایی این مفاهیم در ادبیات و نظم حقوقی عصر مدرن گردید.
Authors and Affiliations
Javad Taghizadeh, Rezvan Fadaee
Keywords
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