THE LANGUAGE POLICY IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF NATIONAL MINORITIES OF THE SOUTH UKRAINE IN 1920-30-IES
Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Історія" - Year 2016, Vol 274, Issue 262
Abstract
Analyzes the language policy of the Soviet government in the educational institutions of national minorities of southern Ukraine in 1920–30-ies., highlights differences and similarities its implementation among the various national groups of the region. Specified the problems and difficulties in implementing this policy: Russification of the region, lack of textbooks, school equipment, teachers of the national language. Considered the legal and political background of the functioning of minority languages, showing the change in policy of the Soviet government’s of the national language policy. Emphasized that this policy reflects the Stalinist concept of «solving the national question», which was supposed an artificial pushing nations to «early» fusionstimulating processes of assimilation and accelerated the formation of the total for all nations of the world language, which had become Russian. Highlight the main stages of the language policy. It is shown that for the first phase (1921–1924) was characterized by overcome Russification, process of ukrainization, opening educational institutions for minorities; the second (1924 – early 1930 s.) – the development of educational institutions in their native language; for the third (1933–1938) – clotting and destruction of national cultural development. Proved that the language policy in schools of national minorities is seen as a maneuver tactics and temporary measure. Positive aspects of education in native languages which were characteristic of the 1920s. led to increased levels of literacy and education of national minorities of the South of Ukraine. In the late 1930’s. these achievements were lost and education with native language minimized. A departure from language policy was accompanied by increasing of Russification imperial and trends, resulting in lower quality indicators of learning.
Authors and Affiliations
I. Mironova
Keywords
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