THE RELATIONS BETWEEN UNDО AND USDP IN EASTERN HALYCHYNA (1925–1939)
Journal Title: Науковий і культурно-просвітній краєзнавчий часопис Галичина - Year 2017, Vol 29, Issue
Abstract
This is the article about the relations between the Ukrainian National-Democratic Unions (UNDO) and the Ukrainian Social-Democratic Party (USDP) in Galicia in 1925–1939. The Ukrainian national democrats and Social Democrats represented the legal part of the Western Ukraine political spectrum that defended the legal, parliamentary methods of struggle against Polish occupation for the construction of an independent Ukrainian congregation. The main idea of the article is to show that the character of the relationship between the two parties depended on the state of Ukrainian-Polish relations in the Second Commonwealth and the aggravation of the Ukrainian question on the world politic arena. The political evolution of the USDP at the beginning of 1920’s culminated in the transition to the position of the Communist Party of Western Ukraine (CPZU) in 1923, which became the reason for the Pro-Communist Party’s prohibition by the Polish authorities in early 1924. The restored USDP tried to combine the old, social-democratic positions. The national idea and Marxism, advocated a narrow-class approach to the construction of an independent Ukrainian state, while the UNDO ( this party was founded in 1925), while on a national platform, opposed Marxist dogmatism. Ideological differences had become the main reason for the lack of a lasting relationship between the two parties during the period under investigation, despite the presence of UNDO and the USDP’s common positions on a number of political question: the negative attitude to the extreme methods of the struggle of the Ukrainian nationalist underground, criticism of the policy of the Stalinist party-totalitarian regime in Soviet Ukraine and the Polish government in the western lands and so on. The political rapprochement between the UNDO and the USDP in the 1930s was not long-lasting, it had happened in the wake of the exacerbation of Ukrainian-Polish relations in Galicia and the destruction of Ukrainians outside the province. The ideological platform for the periodic consolidation of legal national-state parties was the protection of the Ukrainian nation in the critical circumstances of national life during govern¬ment repressions against the Ukrainian civilian population of Galicia, which was known as “pacification” in 1930, in the conditions of the Stalinist pogrom of the national movement, the Holodomor in Soviet Ukraine (1933–1934) and on the eve of the Second World War as a protest against the activation of fascism in Europe, the denial of the agreement of the leaders of the UNDO and others. The limitation of democratic institutions and the growth of political extremism in various forms, the radicalization of public sentiment in interwar Poland, as well as throughout Europe, limited the influence of UNDO and, in particular, the radical USPP on the political life of Western Ukraine. At the turn of the 1920`s and 1930`s, there was a split between the legal and illegal parts of the Ukrainian political camp and the strengthening of the influence of the nationalist underground, the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), which was explained by the decline of a large part of the Ukrainian population, especially young people, in the possibility of a legal solution to the Ukrainian problem in Second Rzeczpospolita. This put a negative imprint on the relationship between UNDO and the USP, the work of both parties stopped the Second World War in September 1939.
Authors and Affiliations
Igor RAIKIVSKYI
Keywords
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