The Relevance between Vitamin D, Folic Acid, and Vitamin B in Multiple Sclerosis

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The Relevance between Vitamin D, Folic Acid, and Vitamin B in Multiple Sclerosis

Journal Title: The 1st Annual Meeting of Georgian Center for Neuroscience Research - Year 2020, Vol 2, Issue 20

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common progressive neurologic disability associated with demyelination in the central nervous system. Factors that cause this disease include low levels of serum vitamin D, impaired vitamin D metabolism, decreased levels of vitamin B12 and folate, impaired immune system and viral infections. In this review, we focus on the effect of vitamin B12 and vitamin D and folic acid supplementation on serum homocysteine and quality of life in MS patients. Methods: In this review, the indispensable information is collected through various articles using keywords such as MS, Folic Acid and Vitamin D and searches on websites such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Several published articles from 2015 to 2019 were reviewed and the results of these studies are provided. Results: Studies show that vitamin B12 intake is associated with reduced pain in some neurological diseases such as MS. Vitamin B12 can improve the quality of life in patients with neurological problems such as dementia. Also, B12 and folic acid consumption significantly improve the physical and mental health of patients with multiple sclerosis. Studies showed that elevated serum homocysteine levels in MS patients are associated with a significant decrease in vitamin B12 serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels. According to research, the need for vitamin B12 has increased in chronic autoimmune diseases such as MS. Therefore, due to the decrease in vitamin B12 and folate levels that lead to changes in myelin stability, it can be expected to increase homocysteine levels in this disease. There has also been a decrease in serum levels of vitamin B12 in MS patients treated with interferon H and Copaxone, and some studies have increased the role of these drugs in increasing the need for this vitamin to repair myelin. 1,25 (OH) D3, as an active form of vitamin D, has a dual effect on the immune system by enhancing the innate immune response and suppressing adaptive immune activity. 1,25(OH)D3 has suppressing effect on producing inflammatory cytokines mediated by type 1 T helper (Th1) cells. Secretion of IL-2, IL-6, IFN gamma and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) are lessened by 1,25(OH)D3. According to numerous evidences, vitamin D can play an immunomodulatory role, which is important for suppressing inflammation in the pathophysiology of MS. Conclusion: Current dietary recommendations for patients with MS and other chronic diseases can be effective in treating the disease. The findings showed that by administering monthly vitamin B12 and supplementing folic acid and vitamin D-rich dietary sources, homocysteine levels, anemia status and ultimately quality of life in MS patients were increased.

Authors and Affiliations

Mohammad Saeedi, Nasroallah Moradi-kor

Keywords

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EP ID EP677940
DOI 10.29088/GCNR-2020.31
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