The role of extracellular vesicles in parasite-host interaction
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2016, Vol 70, Issue
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), initially considered cell debris, were soon proved to be an essential tool of intercellular communication enabling the exchange of information without direct contact of the cells. At present EVs are the subject of extensive research due to their universal presence in single- and multi-cell organisms, regardless of their systematic position, and their substantial role in cell-to-cell communication. EVs seem to be released by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells under natural (in vivo) and laboratory (in vitro) conditions. Even purified fractions of isolated EVs comprise various membrane-derived structures. However, EVs can be classified into general groups based primarily on their size and origin. EVs may carry various materials, and ongoing research investigations give new insight into their potenti participation in critical biological processes, e.g. carcinogenesis. This paper presents current knowledge on the EVs’ involvement in host–parasite interactions including the invasion process, the maintenance of the parasite infection and modulation of the host immune response to parasite antigenic stimulation, as well as perspectives of the potential use of EVs as immunoprophylactic and diagnostic tools for controlling parasite infections. The most numerous literature data concern protozoan parasites, especially those of the greatest medical and social importance worldwide. However, available information about the EVs’ contribution to helminth invasion has also been included.
Authors and Affiliations
Justyna Gatkowska, Henryka Długońska
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP220856
- DOI -
- Views 124
- Downloads 0
Selen w chorobie Gravesa-Basedowa
W pracy omówiono obecny stan wiedzy na temat roli selenu w chorobie Gravesa-Basedowa (Graves-Basedov’ disease – GBD). W ostatnim czasie, w patogenezie i przebiegu tej choroby, coraz więcej uwagi poświęca się zależności m...
Allergenicity of milk of different animal species in relation to human milk
Protein content in cow milk (with over 20 proteins, and peptides may also occur as a result of enzymatic hydrolysis) ranges from 2.5% to 4.2% and is about 1.5-2 times higher than in human milk. Its most important allerge...
Przerzutowanie w raku piersi – analiza wybranych mechanizmów molekularnych zjawiska
Białka z rodziny SMAD: współczesna wiedza na temat ich ekspresji i potencjalnej roli w chorobach nowotworowych
Transformujący czynnik wzrostu beta pełni w ludzkim organizmie wiele istotnych funkcji. Bierze udział m.in. w procesach angiogenezy, reguluje wejście komórek w proces apoptozy oraz wykazuje właściwości stymulujące podzia...
The latest recommendations on the use of new oral anticoagulants in routine practice
The use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has become a breakthrough in anticoagulant treatment and it is expected to rise significantly in upcoming years. The use of conventional anticoagulants have...