The role of extracellular vesicles in parasite-host interaction
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2016, Vol 70, Issue
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), initially considered cell debris, were soon proved to be an essential tool of intercellular communication enabling the exchange of information without direct contact of the cells. At present EVs are the subject of extensive research due to their universal presence in single- and multi-cell organisms, regardless of their systematic position, and their substantial role in cell-to-cell communication. EVs seem to be released by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells under natural (in vivo) and laboratory (in vitro) conditions. Even purified fractions of isolated EVs comprise various membrane-derived structures. However, EVs can be classified into general groups based primarily on their size and origin. EVs may carry various materials, and ongoing research investigations give new insight into their potenti participation in critical biological processes, e.g. carcinogenesis. This paper presents current knowledge on the EVs’ involvement in host–parasite interactions including the invasion process, the maintenance of the parasite infection and modulation of the host immune response to parasite antigenic stimulation, as well as perspectives of the potential use of EVs as immunoprophylactic and diagnostic tools for controlling parasite infections. The most numerous literature data concern protozoan parasites, especially those of the greatest medical and social importance worldwide. However, available information about the EVs’ contribution to helminth invasion has also been included.
Authors and Affiliations
Justyna Gatkowska, Henryka Długońska
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP220856
- DOI -
- Views 151
- Downloads 0
Anti‑cytokine therapy for psoriasis – not only TNF‑α blockers. Overview of reports on the effectiveness of therapy with IL‑12/IL‑23 and T and B lymphocyte inhibitors
TNF‑α inhibitors – infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab – can be used in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic arthritis, along with other inhibitors of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‑12 (IL‑...
Astrocyty w udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu – potencjalny cel strategii neuroprotekcyjnych
Udary niedokrwienne mózgu stanowią jedną z głównych przyczyn śmierci i niepełnosprawności osób dorosłych na świecie. Obecnie stosowane postępowania terapeutyczne w udarze niedokrwiennym nie dają zadowalających wyników. C...
Histamina w regulacji procesów przebudowy kości
Przebudowa kości podlega regulacji autokrynnej, parakrynnej, endokrynnej oraz przez ośrodkowy układ nerwowy. Jednym z potencjalnych endogennych czynników wpływających na przebudowę kości jest histamina, amina endogenna p...
Peptides: A new class of anticancer drugs
Peptides are a novel class of anticancer agents embracing two distinct categories: natural antibacterial peptides, which are preferentially bound by cancer cells, and chemically synthesized peptides, which bind specifica...
Adropina - rola fizjologiczna i patofizjologiczna