THE TUKHOLIAN REPUBLIC OF IVAN FRANKO: HISTORICAL ASPECT
Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Історія" - Year 2017, Vol 292, Issue 280
Abstract
The article discusses the historical aspects of the Tukholian Republic’s image in the novel written by Ivan Franko, «Zakhar Berkut». Franko has described an almost perfect republican system of the Tukholian Republic that truly cares for each of its citizens and settles all issues by following the just «orders» of ancestors. The writer highlighted activities of the «republic» in historical realities of the XIII century, when a struggle between the Ancient Rus population and the Mongol invasions took place. In fact, in 40-s of the ХІІ century, the Mongol-Tartar hordes led by Genghis Khan’s grandson, Batu, captured Kyiv and went through the Carpathians to Hungary. It is known that during the campaign in 1241, the Mongol-Tartar horde passed through the area described in the novel. However, in the annals, there is no mention of the death of Tatar troops, but it has remained in the folk tales and legends used by Franko. From the Galicia-Volyn Сhronicle, the author of novel took scant information about the invasion of Mongol-Tatar hordes in Rus and their crossing of the Carpathians. If he had a shortage of historical data, Franko referred to the material of legends, combining it with the everyday realities of the distant past. In the historical novel «Zakhar Berkut», it is depicted the ancient mutual resistance between the Viche republican-democratic government and the government of princes and boyars on the backdrop of a fierce struggle with the Mongol-Tatar aggression. Franko was primarily interested not in authenticity of the historical facts description, but in didactic and poetic glorification of an ideal of the social, spiritual, and natural integrity of an individual and people as a significant active force of social development.
Authors and Affiliations
Yu. Kotlyar
Keywords
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