THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING SELF-ESTEEM CONCEPT IN HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE

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THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING SELF-ESTEEM CONCEPT IN HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE

Journal Title: Наука і освіта - Year 2015, Vol 0, Issue 11

Abstract

The article deals with general theoretical and methodological approaches to the issue of the nature and genesis of self-esteem as an important component of self-concept. The study of self-esteem is of particular relevance in the context of one’s emotionally-valuable attitude towards oneself and the formation of an adapted mature personality. The article is aimed at highlighting the results of the review of theoretical approaches to the problem of self-esteem. It is shown that psychological research of the problem does not give a clear definition of “self-esteem” phenomenon. Different interpretations of this term have been presented. The views of famous psychologists on the origin, nature and content of this concept have been analyzed. In scientific literature self-esteem is considered to be proportional to success, which indicates real achievements of a man, but inversely proportional to his claims (W. James). The problem of self-esteem has been considered as the analysis of individual sources of activity, i.e. the motivational sphere (A. Maslow). Selfesteem has the affective-motivational determination, and the most important motive of human life is actualization, which is considered as self-development (C. Rogers). Various approaches to understanding global self-esteem (general self-esteem, self-regard) and its structure in foreign literature of the second half of the twentieth century have been distinguished. The analysis of different approaches to the determination of a place of self-esteem in the structure of selfconsciousness has been given. The proposed structure of self-consciousness includes four main components: the consciousness of one’s own identity and distinguishing oneself from the rest of the world; self-awareness; awareness of one’s own psychic properties; social and moral self-assessment and self-esteem (V. Merlin). It has been revealed that the following indicators characterize self-image as a whole: stability, confidence, self-esteem, crystallization (I. Kon). The three-dimensional structure of self-attitude has been defined (V. Stolin). The idea of self-esteem due to the nature of consciousness in five levels (E. Dickstein) has been described. It is noted that inner awareness and personality’s selfassessment is carried out in the framework of self-concept (R. Burns). The interpretation of self-esteem in relation to self-assessment has been given. The significance of social factors in preserving a positive self-concept and high level of self-esteem has been proved. Self-esteem should be considered as a stable trait or one’s attitude towards oneself; it is a generalized self-attitude which consists of discrete self-assessments.

Authors and Affiliations

Nataliia Shevchenko

Keywords

self-assessment self-esteem self-attitude self-awareness self-image self-concept

EP ID EP575055
DOI -
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