Thyronamines – decarboxylated derivatives of thyroid hormones – new family of endogenous signaling molecules?
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2011, Vol 24, Issue 11
Abstract
Thyronamines (TAMs) are derivatives of thyroid hormones, produced via decarboxylation of the alanine chain. They act as endogenous signaling molecules and were firstly discovered in early 50thies of the XXth century. They were rediscovered for modern science in 2004 by Thomas S. Scalan. Thyronamines exert various effects in organisms, including hypothermia, negative chronotropy, negative ionotropy, hyperglicemia, reduced Respiratory Quotient. On the molecular level they are known to inhibit thyroid hormone and monoamine transporters. TAMs have been detected in different mammals but their physiological concentrations have not been clearly determined up to date. TAMs are believed to act via specific receptors. The most well recognized so far are two GPCRs (G-Protein Coupled Receptors), TAAR1 and Adra2A, involved in the regulation synthesis of cyclic AMP. Two pathways of TAMs catabolism, sulfation and oxidative deamination, have been proposed. Although exact physiological role of thyronamines is still unclear, some therapeutical applications were suggested. This review summarizes the current knowledge about thyronamines, which is still fragmentary. Thyronamines deserve further investigation and it can be assumed that the nearest future will bring new exciting data about these fascinating signaling compounds.
Authors and Affiliations
Piotr Popławski
Keywords
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