To Study on Spiking Phenomena in Electron Beam Welding
Journal Title: GRD Journal for Engineering - Year 2019, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Electron beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process in which a beam of high velocity electrons is applied to two materials to be joined. The work pieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy of the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact. Melting process and spiking phenomenon have been investigated in electron beam welding. X- rays generated as a consequence of beam-metal interaction were measured at some specific sites of 3 mm in length along penetration using Xe-proportional counter simultaneously with taking high speed photography of the molten metal flow to clarify a melting process. A spike is a sudden increase in penetration beyond what might be called the average penetration line. Many spikes have voids in their lower portions because molten metal does not fill in completely. Also, in some cases the molten metal will fill a spike but will not fuse to the sides of the hole, producing a condition similar to a cold shut in a casting. These cold shuts seriously reduce the strength of the weld at the root. The results obtained were as follows.1) Spiking phenomenon was most likely to occur when the electron beam was focused on the root portion of penetration. 2) Melting process and spiking phenomenon were dominated by the periodical flow of the molten metal. 3) Soon after the periodical ejection of the molten metal, the beam cavity was clear of the molten metal and the electron beam was free to drill the bottom causing the spite. 4) it is effective in monitoring spiking phenomenon to detect electrons emitted from interacting point using a probe biased 6V with respect to the specimen. This paper provides a technical overview of the unique features of the electron beam welding process including several applications. Weld cross sections of production parts will be shown to demonstrate obtainable weld shapes. Solutions to specific weld challenges using the EB process will be shown. In addition, an overview of today’s welding equipment and a brief look at future developments will be presented.
Authors and Affiliations
Shyam Lal Sharma, Kamlesh Kumari
Keywords
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