TOULMIN’S MODEL OF ARGUMENT In ELT
Journal Title: Journal of Science and today’s world - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 10
Abstract
Saxenian (17), Brown (1), Harmer (2) and Richard (16) clearly state that the ability to write effectively is not innate, but it must be learned and practiced. It means that the ability to write is acquired through a learning process as a result of certain characteristics that a written product should have. Due to the characteristics that a piece of writing should have, many students faced problems when they were to produce written products especially in writing argumentative paragraphs. It is found out that it needed hard effort to understand the students’ argumentative paragraphs. Argumentative writing has different characteristics from other kinds of writings since the former is intended to change the readers’ mind or to convince the readers to agree with the point of view or the opinion of the writer. As a result, it attempts to be highly persuasive and logical (18). Therefore, this paper is intended to present the use of Process Approach in introducing Toulmin’s model of argument (20). Even though there are six elements that Toulmin proposes as a good argument, they are: claim, data, warrant, backing, rebuttal and qualifier, this paper is only focused on the introduction of the first four elements which are introduced during the implementation of Process Approach namely: Brainstorming, Planning, Writing, Editing and Revising. Through Process Approach, students not only have a chance to self-discover their own learning process represented through their products but they are also seen as the creator of language. Thus, students are confident to produce the language through written products since the approach is able to reduce the students’ anxiety.
Authors and Affiliations
Fereidoon Mlostafavi, Kian Pishkar, Nooshin Nasery
Keywords
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