TOXIC EFFECT OF PESTICIDES ON THE BIOTA OF FRESHWATER RESERVOIRS OF UKRAINE (A REVIEW) / ТОКСИЧНИЙ ВПЛИВ ПЕСТИЦИДІВ НА БІОТУ ПРІСНИХ ВОДОЙМ УКРАЇНИ (ОГЛЯД)
Journal Title: Рибогосподарська наука України - Year 2015, Vol 34, Issue 4
Abstract
Purpose. To analyze scientific sources on the studies of toxic and lethal concentrations of pesticides on phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos and fish in current conditions of Ukraine. Findings. A review of works of a variety of scientists showed that pesticides with different chemical origins have disastrous effects on everyone without the exception of freshwater biota organisms. The article highlights the peculiarities of the toxic effects of pesticides of major chemical groups, which are used or stored in Ukraine. Their toxic and lethal concentrations for the major species of phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos and ichthyofauna reservoirs are considered. The data on basic features of behavioral reactions of aquatic organisms on poisoning by pesticides are provided. The basic structural and systemic diosrders of homeostasis of the organisms of aquatic biota are described. The effect of pesticides on phytoplankton needs further research, however, is was found that they have common feature as the disturbace of photosynthesis process and accumulation. In turn, this provoques kills in water bodies and poisoning of phytoplanctivorous fish. Zooplanktonic organisms are highly sensitive to pesticides; hence they can be used as an indicator of the state of fresh water. It was found that, pesticides depending on their concentration have different toxic effects on zooplankton organisms. The effect of pesticides on benthic organisms was little investigated. It is known that benthic communities respond to the presence of pesticide by changes in species composition, number of species, abundance and biomass of benthos in general and individual taxonomic groups of benthic invertebrates. The toxicity of pesticides for fish depends on their chemical nature, the form of the preparation, dose, fish species and age, water temperature and the content of oxygen and salts. In particular, juvenile fish are much more sensitive to the chemicals, and an increase in water temperature and a decrease in oxygen content results in an increase in pesticide toxicity. Practical value. The array of the generalized information on the toxic and lethal effects of pesticides will be important for scientists who investigate the biological risk of pesticides and their impact on basic categories of freshwater biota and, in general, for ichthyological and environmental research. The information on the peculiarities of the toxic effects of pesticides on fish is important in the conditions of increasing demand for fish products as a source of valuable proteins for humans.
Authors and Affiliations
N. Kolesnyk
Structural parameters of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) population of the Kyiv reservoir / Структурні показники популяції судака (Sander lucioperca) Київського водосховища
Purpose. Analysis of the dynamics of structural parameters as an integral property of the processes of recruitment and elimination of the reproductive and commercial population nuclei of pikeperch of the Kyiv reservoir....
Morphological parameters of the digestive system of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833) fry under exposure to dry baker's yeasts as an additive to the basic feed / Морфологічні параметри травної системи молоді російського осетра (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833) за дії пекарських дріжджів, згодовуваних з основним кормом
Purpose. To analyze the effect of different concentrations of dry inactivated baker's yeasts on the morphological parameters of the digestive system of Russian sturgeon fry, using enterocytes and hepatocytes as an exampl...
Fish yield prediction in water bodies of the Kyrgyz Republic / Прогнозування обсягів вилову риби з водойм Киргизької Республіки
Purpose. The development of a Fish Yield Prediction Model for lakes and water reservoirs of the Kyrgyz Republic based on easily measured physico-chemical and biological indicators (limnological parameters) for the effect...
MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SOME STURGEON SPECIES (ACIPENSERIDAE, ACIPENSERIFORMES) OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS REARED IN AQUACULTURE / МОРФОФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ ДЕЯКИХ ВИДІВ ОСЕТРОВИХ РИБ (ACIPENSERIDAE, ACIPENSERIFORMES) РІЗНОГО ВІКУ, ЩО ВИРОЩУЮТЬСЯ В АКВАКУЛЬТУРІ
Purpose. To study some morphometric parameters, protein and lysozyme content in organs and serum in several sturgeon species reared in aquiculture at the ages of 3, 8 and 18 months, and to investigate the specific and ag...
Tilapia (Tilapini) as one of the main objects of modern aquaculture. Experience of cultivation in Israel (review) / Тиляпія (Tilapini) як один з основних об’єктів сучасної аквакультури. Досвід культивування в Ізраїлі (огляд)
Purpose. The State of Israel, for a short period in 1948, despite the difficult political and climatic and geographical conditions, demonstrates a stable development of aquaculture. In this regard, the Israeli experience...