Trends and Projections of Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A National Incidence Rates by Gender, Age, Nationality, and Years (1999-2014)
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2019, Vol 12, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Despite the fact that the incidence of breast cancer continues to increase in Saudi Arabia, we have yet to see a national report assessing the association between the incidence of breast cancer and patient characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of breast cancer and its 2030 projection. Methods: This national-level cohort study utilized the Cancer Registry of Saudi Arabia data that reported on breast cancer patients who diagnosed between 1999 and 2014 (the most recent report). Results: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) has increased over 15 years from 13.6/100,000 in 1999 to 22.7/100,000 in 2014 for the female population (an increase of 66.9%). The strongest associations with breast cancer were found for gender (female vs. male: aIRR = 51.235, 95% CI 42.576, 61.654), age 45-59 years (45-59 vs. < 30 years: aIRR = 18.517, 95% CI 14.692, 23.338), age 30-44 years (30-44 vs. < 30 years: aIRR = 15.223, 95% CI 12.140, 19.089), and Saudi nationality (Saudi vs. non-Saudi: aIRR = 2.417, 95% CI 2.055, 2.843), and the year 2014 (2014 vs. 1999: aIRR = 2.739, 95% CI 1.768, 4.241). Conclusion: Our 15-year report indicates an upward trend of breast cancer in Saudi Arabia. There was evidence of the independent effects of old age, female gender, Saudi nationality, and the later years (2006-2014) on the increasing risk of breast cancer. These findings could have significant implications in establishing national breast cancer screening interventions to increase the rate of early detection.Breast cancer is classified as the most frequently diagnosed cancer site among women in Saudi Arabia [1-3], with its incidence continuing to increase rapidly during recent decades [2,4], and it can occur in women at an early age [2,3,5-7]. The incidence appears to differ by geographic regions, with the highest incidence found in the eastern, central, and western regions of the country [7]. Breast cancer represents 28% of all newly diagnosed cancer sites among Saudi women [2,8]. Updated data is limited on national patterns and trends of breast cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia. While two reports utilized data available publically at the Saudi Cancer Registry webpage [2,7], both reports are limited by their descriptive nature. The national incidence of breast cancer has not previously been demonstrated in Saudi males in these studies. Furthermore, these studies excluded diagnosed patients of non-Saudi nationality. Therefore, in this study we determined the overall incidence trends by including all breast cancer cases reported in Saudi Arabia. To date, no national-level study has ever been conducted to investigate breast cancer rates across gender, age, nationality, and time intervals. Exploring these factors may impact breast cancer management plans by instigating development of additional screening programs for the groups with high incidence rates. The aim of this surveillance data analysis was to assess the trends in breast cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia, and to determine whether high incidence correlates with gender, age, nationality, and the time. We also wanted to project the number of new breast cancer cases in 2030.
Authors and Affiliations
Anwar E Ahmed, Yasmine A Zaatreh, Aida A Saad, Mohammad Alkaiyat, Tabrez Pasha, Omar B Da’ar, Khaled Alkattan, Abdul Rahman Jazieh
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP593738
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.12.002270
- Views 135
- Downloads 0
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