Understanding the Mechanism of Breast and Prostate Cancer Cell Killing by Diallyldisulfide – An Over View
Journal Title: Journal of Chemistry and Applied Biochemistry - Year 2015, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Carcinomas of Breast and Prostate are the second leading causes of deaths due to cancers, respectively, in women and men worldwide. Incidence and mortality rates due to these cancers have been increasing at an alarming rate each year. Lack of effective early diagnostic tools and potent therapeutic agents are the key contributing factors for global burden of these cancers. Therefore, effective, less toxic and affordable treatment agents are urgently required, and the sulfur containing compounds from garlic represent one such group of agents with better therapeutic efficacy and acceptable safety profiles. Among various sulfur containing compounds isolated from garlic (Allium sativum L) and tested for anti-cancer properties in vitro and in preclinical animal models, the diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) have been reported to exhibit better therapeutic properties. Even though prior studies have shown marginally better therapeutic efficacy of DATS compared to DADS, the latter was preferred due to its low cost, more abundance and easy availability. Anti-cancer properties of DADS have been tested in vitro using cell lines representing carcinomas of prostate and breast. Results of these studies proposed that DADS induced cell death is due to the (a) upregulation of apoptosis proteins; (b) downregulation of cell proliferation molecules, (c) arrest of cell cycle progression through the induction of key proteins participating in the DNA synthesis and replication and (d) inhibition of cell migration and metastasis. However, it is not fully understood how DADS inhibit tumor cell metastasis. Likewise it is also not fully known how DADS could retard the growth of a range of tumors? Is there any common mechanism operating in these tumors, which is regulated by DADS? Therefore, in this review article we determined to address these gaps by a thorough search of published findings.
Authors and Affiliations
Subba Rao V. Madhunapantula
Keywords
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