Validation of Malaria Antigen Detecting Rapid Diagnostic Test Kit: A Study from Highly Endemic Area in Coastal India
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2018, Vol 12, Issue 9
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (MRDT) is widely used for diagnostic purposes in endemic areas and resource-constrained settings. However, concern about the accuracy of RDTs has made its wide-scale usage a debatable issue. Aim: To assess the validity of antigen detecting MRDT kits by comparing the test results with that of conventional Peripheral Smear (PS) examination used for diagnosis of malaria. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was done in Mangalore city which is highly endemic for Plasmodium vivax and falciparum malaria. It was conducted from May to September 2017 which corresponds to the peak season of malaria in Mangalore. The validity of antigen detecting MRDT kit namely SD Bioline Malaria Antigen test kit (Standard Diagnostics Inc., India) as a screening test was compared with a gold standard test namely Giemsa stained thick and thin blood film microscopy. Results: Out of the total 309 cases, 210 (68%) tested positive by PS examination. MRDT showed a sensitivity of 98.6%, specificity of 86.9%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 94.1% and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 96.6%. False Positive (FP) rate of the test was 13.1% and False Negative (FN) rate was 1.4%. The accuracy rate of the screening test was 94.8%, positive likelihood ratio was 7.53, negative likelihood ratio was 0.016 and Diagnostic Odds Ratio (DOR) was 470.6. Sensitivity and specificity of the screening test were higher in the age group of less than 18 years compared to higher age groups. Sensitivity and NPV of the screening test were higher while PPV was lesser for diagnosing Plasmodium falciparum malaria compared to Plasmodium vivax malaria. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve for MRDT was 0.927 when compared with the gold standard test. Conclusion: Antigen detecting MRDT showed good performance as a screening test and hence can be recommended for wide-scale usage at this settings.
Authors and Affiliations
Nitin Joseph, Aditya Karanth Uchila
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP523748
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2018/36880.12043
- Views 73
- Downloads 0
Efficacy of Antibiotic-loaded Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) Beads in Orthopaedic Infections
ABSTRACT Introduction: Bone infections are associated with morbidity and mortality. Infection control is achieved by surgical debridement and microbial-specific antibiotic administration. Antibiotic Loaded Bone Cement (A...
Tuberculosis Vaccine Development: Current Status and Future Directions
Editorial
The Impact of Eating and Exercise Frequency on Weight Gain - A Cross-Sectional Study on Medical Undergraduate Students
Introduction: Diverse factors influence an individual’s ability to successfully achieve and maintain energy balance consistent with a healthy body weight. Eating frequency is one among the varied feature that thought to...
Neisseria Meningitidis Causing Multiple Cerebral Abscesses in Early Neonatal Period: Case Report and Review of Literature
Neisseria meningitidis is a rare cause of meningitis and septicemia in neonates. There are few published case reports of neonatal meningococcal meningitis complicated by subdural empyema, cerebral abscess and hydrocephal...
Efficacy of Systemic Administration of Alpha Lipoic Acid and Scaling and Root Planning in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-A Randomised Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT Introduction: Both diabetes and periodontitis are globally rampant diseases with common risk factors. Current evidence points to a bidirectional inter-relationship between diabetes and periodontitis and it has b...